[This nonGeographicDataset is embargoed until September 2, 2024]. The data consists of 3D surface scans of the beaks of 662 museum specimens of sixteen species (representing fifteen families of passerine birds: Fringillidae, Ploceidae, Passeridae, Viduidae, Thraupidae, Estrildidae, Artamidae, Cardinalidae, Sittidae, Prunellidae, Motacillidae, Emberizidae, Alaudidae, Cinclidae, Bombycillidae). Each species has scans from between 23 and 31 specimens with the exception of chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs), with scans from 230 specimens representing fourteen subspecies. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/e53b2c4f-fc2e-47a9-b5b7-cc3a59f790ac

This dataset is in vitro validation of a potassium sensor that will be inserted into a plant stem. The dataset shows the sensitivity and selectivity of the fabricated potassium sensor. The data was obtained by measuring changes in electrical current with an increase in concentrations of the primary ion (K+) and interfering ion (Na+) to extract the sensitivity and selectivity, respectively using a semiconductor parameter analyser. K+ ion sensing data, measured directly inside a plant stem, are absent as the in vivo experiment should be optimised further. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/89998967-a974-4136-b650-b9af9f9d6969

Data are presented from an ozone exposure experiment performed on five African crops. The crops (Beans, cowpea, finger millet, pearl millet and wheat) were exposed to three different levels of ozone in the UK CEH Bangor solardomes. Wheat was grown at UK ambient temperature, whereas the solardomes were heated for the other crops to better mimic tropical conditions. The experiment ran from May 2017 to September 2017. The crop plants were grown from seed in pots in solardomes. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the impact of ozone exposure on the crop yield and plant health. The dataset comprises of manually collected data on plant physiology, biomass and yield. In addition the automatically logged data of ozone concentration and meteorological variables in the solardomes are presented. Plant physiology data is stomatal conductance of individual leaves, measured on an ad-hoc basis. The dataset includes the associated data measured by the equipment (relative humidity, leaf temperature, photosynthetically active radiation). Soil moisture of the pots was always measured at the same time, and chlorophyll content of the measured leaf was usually, but not always, determined at the same time. Yield was determined for each plant, in addition to yield-related metrics including mass per bean and 100 grain weight. For finger millet and pearl millet yield is expressed as weight of seed heads and number of seed heads, rather than explicitly as seed weight. The ozone and meteorological dataset is complete, but with some gap-filling for short periods when the computer was not logging data. The work was carried out as part of the NERC funded SUNRISE project (NE/R000131/1). Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/f38beff1-993f-4785-8a97-1de21e3e19c0

This dataset contains information about the multivariate plastic life-history responses and thermal tolerance capability of 56 Daphnia magna clones exposed to 4 different environments. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory at the University of Liverpool in 2017. The work was part of a larger mesocosm study that aimed to tease apart how plasticity and genetic diversity influence the evolutionary potential of natural populations. Life history data were measured in common garden experiments. For each clone of the same genotype across all environments, we measured: length at maturity; length at second clutch; age at maturity; age at second clutch; juvenile growth rate ((length at maturity - length as neonate) / age at maturity); adult growth rate ((length at second clutch - length at maturity) / (age at second clutch-age at maturity)); average fecundity (across clutches 1 and 2); and average offspring size (across clutches 1 and 2) The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/K007394/1). Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/cce747ad-7536-4669-a244-d8bc48693cc7

The UK Checklist of Freshwater Species is a collation of all the species (apart from algae) known to be found in association with fresh waters in the United Kingdom. The following eight major groups were identified as being associated with fresh waters in the UK: algae, amphibians, birds, fish, invertebrates, macrophytes, mammals and reptiles. Algae (except stoneworts) were not included in the UK Checklist of Freshwater Species as they are currently undergoing a major revision. Other microorganisms (bacteria, fungi and viruses) are also not included in this species list. The checklist was compiled to allow querying of freshwater species data in the Biological Records Centre (BRC) but to also to query freshwater species data from the BRC via the UK Lakes Portal (https://eip.ceh.ac.uk/apps/lakes/), as well as to update the freshwater species list supplied to the UK Species Inventory (UKSI) partners, such as Recorder 6, National Biodiversity Network (NBN) Atlas and iRecord. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/57653719-434b-4b11-9f0d-3bd76054d8bd

This dataset contains measurements from smart sensors monitoring the motion state of a physical analogue of a Large Wood (LW) dam in laboratory experiments. The smart sensors were equipped with an accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer and they recorded angular velocity, total acceleration, and the magnetic field. These data were used to calculate the linear acceleration and gravity acceleration which are also provided in this dataset. Three factors were changed during the experiment: inclination, constraint configuration, and flow conditions. The experiments were repeated 10 times. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/94aa98b2-b7f7-42c8-81ad-3085d0151eff

The dataset comprises hourly water temperature data of an experimental mesocosm facility as well as air temperatures from beginning of July to end of September 2022. The experiment aimed to investigate the effect of different nutrient regimes on Taste and Odour issues. Mesocosms were filled with reservoir water and water temperature was measured by platinum resistance thermometers (PRT) shaded by a plastic cover, sited around mid-depth, radially offset by 30 cm from the mesocosm's side wall and logged by a Campbell Scientific Data Logger. Air temperature was measured at a weather station within the mesocosm compound (Vaisala weather transmitter WXT520) at around 2.7m height. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/2858a0e9-9b20-4c2c-892c-4a99fe49e315

The data report plant growth parameters measured on six week old rice plants grown under two contrasting nitrogen treatments. The purpose is to conduct genome wide association mapping of nitrogen response and uses 229 cultivars of the Bengal and Assam Aus Panel. Traits are plant height, shoot dry weight, tiller number and two measures from a Dualex hand-held meter, the nitrogen balance index and the chlorophyl index. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/7ac2ba22-6915-43ca-93cc-d75b9c458b51

This dataset contains information on population counts in experimental populations of Plodia interpunctella (Pyralidae; Hübner) and the parasitoid wasp Venturia canescens (Ichneumonidae; Gravenhorst). The data was collected from a multi-generation microcosm experiment carried out to characterise the combined effects of daily stochastic temperature fluctuations and resource degradation on population responses in the Plodia-Venturia host-parasitoid trophic interaction. The population count data include the weekly total numbers of dead adult hosts and parasitoids and the numbers of live early (L1-L3) and late (L4-L5) host instars and of host and parasitoid pupae in half sections of diet removed weekly and replaced by fresh diet (half sections are a 12th of experimental population boxes). The temperature time series data include the date and daily temperature in the fluctuating temperatures treatment. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/54b722a7-7cda-4817-86a5-b96ad0bb4ae7

This code: (1) Generates data for the weak-selection mathematical model. This is contained in the "Generate_data_for_island_model_weak_selection" script. (2) Generates data for the agent-based simulation model, which accounts for stronger selection and finite populations. This is contained in the "Generate_data_for_agent_based_simulation" script. (3) Generates data for the version of the agent-based simulation model where there is no tag mutation, in which balancing selection is examined via tag fixation times. This is contained in the "Generate_data_for_balancing_selection_finite_pop" script.