This dataset contains time series observations of land surface-atmosphere net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE) and supporting micrometeorological observations collected at 13 peatland eddy covariance (EC) flux observation sites located across Wales, Scotland and England. Sites were active at different timescales between 2008 and 2020. The dataset represents a subset of the variables measured at each site. The full range of variables monitored at each location can be accessed via EIDC records and/or by contacting the authors. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/b8c9fd3d-f9ea-4fd8-9557-9022884f711d

This dataset comprises individual site indices for UK butterfly species calculated from data from the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS). Site indices are a relative rather than an absolute measure of the size of a population, and have been shown to relate closely to other, more intensive, measures of population size such as mark, release, recapture (MRR) methods. The site index can be thought of as a relative measure of the population size, being a more or less constant proportion of the number of butterflies present. The proportion seen is likely to vary according to species; some butterfly species are more conspicuous and thus more easily detected, whereas others are much less easy to see. Site indices are only calculated at sites with sufficient monitoring visits throughout the season, or for targeted reduced effort surveys (timed observations, larval web counts and egg counts) where counts are generally obtained as close to the peak of the flight period as possible and are subsequently adjusted for the time of year and size of the site (area of suitable habitat type for a given species). Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS) sites are thus excluded because they are based on very few visits from which indices of abundance are not calculated. For transect sites, a statistical model (a General Additive Model, 'GAM') is used to impute missing values and to calculate a site index. Each year most transect sites (over 90%) produce an index for at least one species and in recent years site indices have been calculated for over 2,000 sites across the UK. Site indices are subsequently collated to contribute to the overall 'Collated Index' for each species, which are relative measures of the abundance of each species across a geographical area, for example, across the whole UK or at country level for England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland. Individual site indices are important in informing conservation management as not all sites show the same patterns for each species and likely reflect a combination of local climate and habitat management at the site. The UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme is organized and funded by Butterfly Conservation (BC), the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO), and the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC). The UKBMS is indebted to all volunteers who contribute data to the scheme. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/180a1c76-bceb-4264-872b-deddfe67b3de

This dataset contains information on the fertility and physical characteristics of kākāpō (Strigops habroptilus) eggs laid on Anchor and Whenua Hou islands, New Zealand during the 2018/19 breeding season. Of the 252 total eggs laid, 129 failed to develop; undeveloped eggs were dissected, fixed in formalin, and then inspected using fluorescence microscopy at the University of Sheffield UK. For all eggs, data are provided on mother and clutch of origin, developmental stage reached, and maternal mating behaviour. For dissected undeveloped eggs, additional data include fertilisation status, numbers of sperm visible on the perivitelline layer, egg size and weight, dry eggshell weight, and yolk and albumen weights. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/cd0e9bc1-bd57-44ae-9fec-2f6239e8726d

Data comprise measurements of plant biomass and community composition, soil microbial community composition, greenhouse gas emissions and soil carbon and nitrogen pools from a drought experiment superimposed on a the long-term Colt Park grassland restoration experiment in northern England. Rainfall was manipulated using rain-out shelters on experimental grassland plots where fertiliser application and seed addition have been managed to enhance plant species diversity. The scientific purpose was to test the hypothesis that management aimed at biodiversity restoration increases the resistance and recovery of carbon cycling to short-term summer drought. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/8a41b2a2-01d7-409e-adf5-fba3f3770f29

This dataset comprises 50 hydrographic data profiles, collected by a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor package, in October 1994 from stations in the North East Norwegian Sea, 69 - 71 N, 15 - 19 E. A complete list of all data parameters are described by the SeaDataNet Parameter Discovery Vocabulary (PDV) keywords assigned in this metadata record. The data were collected by the University of Tromsø Norwegian College of Fishery Science as part of the Ocean Margin Exchange (OMEX) I project.

Measurements were taken in three fertility zones within households in two districts of Halaba in the SNNPR, Ethiopia. Measurements were taken after the El Niño event of 2015/16, so reflect the resilience of different areas of the farm to drought. Measurements are provided at fertility zones home, near and far from the home, and at three depths (0-5cm, 5-10cm and 10-15cm). Measurements included were volumetric water content, more water conductivity, and soil temperature. This dataset was collected as part of the NERC-funded project Building Resilience in Ethiopia's Awassa region to Drought (BREAD). Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/c18a5a8c-a9b0-401d-8784-d03f3c7cd049

The dataset comprises 71 hydrographic data profiles, collected by a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor package, from the Inner Seas off the west coast of Scotland and the North East Atlantic Ocean (limit 40W) areas specifically Off the west coast of Scotland and north coast of Ireland. The data were collected during November of 2008. A complete list of all data parameters are described by the SeaDataNet Parameter Discovery Vocabulary (PDV) keywords assigned in this metadata record. The data were collected by the Fisheries Research Services Aberdeen Marine Laboratory.

This data set includes counts of soil meso-fauna collected from topsoil within a wide range of land use types across Wales, collected as part of the Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (GMEP). Meso-fauna include collembola (springtails) and acari (mites). The monitoring programme was set up by the Welsh Government in 2013 to monitor the effects of the Glastir agri-environment scheme on the environment and ran from 2013 to 2016. The field survey element was based on a stratified random sampling design of 300 x 1km square sites across Wales, and was managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/1c5cf317-2f03-4fef-b060-9eccbb4d9c21

This dataset consists of measures of topsoil (0-15cm) physico-chemical properties from soils sampled from the first 100 1km squares across Great Britain in 2019 as part of a rolling soil and vegetation monitoring program of 500 1km squares repeated every 5 years. The properties included are: soil organic matter (loss on ignition (LOI)), derived carbon concentration, total soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrogen, Olsen-phosphorous, pH, electrical conductivity, soil bulk density of fine earth and fine earth volumetric water content. The UKCEH Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and predecessors, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way, we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to soil data, vegetation species data are also gathered by the current phase of the Countryside Survey. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/aaada12b-0af0-44ba-8ffc-5e07f410f435

A subset of the Loch Leven long-term monitoring project dataset. This subset contains data collected from Loch Leven between 1985 and 2007 at three sampling sites in the lake. It includes results of chlorophyll, phosphorus, and silicon analyses as well as conductivity and water temperature measurements. The data relate to water samples taken at fortnightly or monthly intervals. Data available in digital form is described here. Additional data currently held as hard copy, will become available once digitised. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/2969776d-0b59-4435-a746-da50b8fd62a3