The vast majority of palaeomagnetic recordings held in rock and meteorites are contained in small inhomogeneously magnetised particles that have a single-vortex (SV) domain state. The reliability and fidelity of the magnetic recording in these particles can only be determined using a numerical micromagnetic approach. This data set provides the first comprehensive examination of domain state as a function of grain size, grain shape and temperature for both magnetite and iron. The results show that SV domain states are highly stable, and in some cases more stable than their ‘ideal’ uniformly magnetized counterparts. With the data sets in this archive it is possible to determine the magnetic recording and stability characteristics of assemblies of grains that can be matched to a wide variety of grain distributions found in terrestrial rocks and meteorites.

The dataset created includes natural remanent magnetisation (NRM) of archive-half core sections recovered at nine sites (i.e. Sites U1422, U1423, U1424, U1425, U1426, U1427, U1428, U1429, and U1430) during IODP Expedition 346. NRM of the archive-half core sections were measured at every 5-cm interval resolution before and after 20-mT alternating field (AF) demagnetisation treatment. The dataset created also includes NRM of discrete samples taken from working-half core sections (typically one discrete sample per core from the longest hole at each drilling site). NRM of discrete samples were measured before and after a complete stepwise AF demagnetisation routine (up to 60-mT peak AF field). All NRM data collected were used to construct magnetostratigraphy for all sites drilled during Expedition 346. All data have been published in IODP proceedings Volume 346 (http://publications.iodp.org/proceedings/346/346toc.htm).

This dataset shows the variation of the thickness of Superficial (Quaternary age) deposits across Great Britain. The data are presented as a vector map of interlocking hexagon cells (side length 1km, area c.2.6 Km2) covering the landmass of Great Britain as a regular grid. Each hexagon cell is attributed with a series of statistics about the thickness of the underlying Quaternary units (e.g. average); additional information relating to the thickness models and the coverage of underpinning data is provided. The data is all derived by spatially summarising the information originally created for the high-resolution Superficial Deposit Thickness Model (a 50m cell size raster model of thickness, first published in 2010).

[THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN]. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) data for Integrated Hydrological Units (IHU) Hydrometric Areas (Kral et al. [1]). SPI is a drought index based on the probability of precipitation for a given accumulation period as defined by McKee et al. [2]. SPI is calculated for different accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months. Each of these is in turn calculated for each of the twelve calendar months. Note that values in monthly (and for longer accumulation periods also annual) time series of the data therefore are likely to be autocorrelated. The standard period which was used to fit the gamma distribution is 1961-2010. The dataset covers the period from 1862 to 2015. NOTE: the difference between this dataset with the previously published dataset 'Standardised Precipitation Index time series for IHU hydrometric areas (1961-2012)' [SPI_IHU_HA] (Tanguy et al., 2015 [3]), apart from the temporal extent, is the underlying rainfall data from which SPI was calculated. In the previously published dataset, CEH-GEAR (Keller et al., 2015 [4], Tanguy et al., 2014 [5]) was used, whereas in this new version, Met Office 5km rainfall grids were used (see supporting documentation for more details). Within Historic Droughts project (grant number: NE/L01016X/1), the Met Office has digitised historic rainfall and temperature data to produce high quality historic rainfall and temperature grids, which motivated the change in the underlying data to calculate SPI. The methodology to calculate SPI is the same in the two datasets. [1] Kral, F., Fry, M., Dixon, H. (2015). Integrated Hydrological Units of the United Kingdom: Hydrometric Areas without Coastline. NERC-Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/3a4e94fc-4c68-47eb-a217-adee2a6b02b3 [2] McKee, T. B., Doesken, N. J., Kleist, J. (1993). The Relationship of Drought Frequency and Duration to Time Scales. Eighth Conference on Applied Climatology, 17-22 January 1993, Anaheim, California. [3] Tanguy, M.; Kral., F.; Fry, M.; Svensson, C.; Hannaford, J. (2015). Standardised Precipitation Index time series for Integrated Hydrological Units Hydrometric Areas (1961-2012). NERC Environmental Information Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/5e1792a0-ae95-4e77-bccd-2fb456112cc1 [4] Keller, V. D. J., Tanguy, M., Prosdocimi, I., Terry, J. A., Hitt, O., Cole, S. J., Fry, M., Morris, D. G., and Dixon, H.: CEH-GEAR: 1 km resolution daily and monthly areal rainfall estimates for the UK for hydrological use, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., 8, 83-112, https://doi.org/10.5194/essdd-8-83-2015, 2015. [5] Tanguy, M.; Dixon, H.; Prosdocimi, I.; Morris, D. G.; Keller, V. D. J. (2014). Gridded estimates of daily and monthly areal rainfall for the United Kingdom (1890-2012) [CEH-GEAR]. NERC Environmental Information Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/5dc179dc-f692-49ba-9326-a6893a503f6e Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/d8655cc9-b275-4e77-9e6c-1b16eee5c7d5

This is a dataset of environmental data, percentage vegetation cover, total invertebrate abundance, and mean invertebrate body mass, sampled at 96 soil habitat patches in the Hengill geothermal valley, Iceland, in July 2013. The habitat patches span a temperature gradient of 7-38 degrees C, yet they occur within 2 km of each other and have similar soil moisture, pH, total carbon, and total nitrogen. Effects of soil temperature on the structure and diversity of plant and invertebrate communities using this dataset are presented in Robinson et al. (2018), published in the Journal of Animal Ecology. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/0f074839-1630-4ccd-aa63-84d0da16b28a

Data are presented of tensiometer measurements as centimetres of water from a field experiment in the Conwy catchment. The data were collected between October 2013 and January 2015 using tensiometers inserted into boreholes. The data were collected by trained members of staff from Bangor University and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The samples were taken to provide supporting information for assessing the relationship between soil microbial populations and soil moisture status. The data were collected for the NERC project 'The Multi-Scale Response of Water quality, Biodiversity and Carbon Sequestration to Coupled Macronutrient Cycling from Source to Sea' (NE/J011991/1). The project is also referred to as Turf2Surf. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/875ca233-ffaa-45c2-b4d2-db7d21bc0e61

This dataset includes rainfall, cloud and stream hydrochemistry of the Plynlimon research catchments in Mid Wales. The data cover the period from June 2011 to March 2016. Sampling was weekly from June 2011 to December 2011 and then fortnightly from January 2012. Data for the whole period are presented for major anions and cations, pH, conductivity, alkalinity and in-situ measurements such as water temperature and stream flow. From June 2011 to March 2013 data are also presented for a range of metals. Data are presented for the whole period for six stream locations and one rainfall site. Data are also for presented for two streams, Nant Iago and Tanllwyth and one cloud site for the period from June 2011 to July 2012. Stream samples were taken using a grab technique. Rain samples were collected using bulk precipitation collectors. Cloud samples were collected using a Centre of Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) Edinburgh pattern lidded harp type passive collector. This data presented follow on from the hydrochemical data presented in the dataset Plynlimon research catchment hydrochemistry (44095e17-43b0-45d4-a781-aab4f72da025) Fieldwork was carried out by CEH members of staff trained in the fieldwork techniques required. Chemical analysis was carried out by qualified CEH chemists at laboratories at CEH Lancaster and CEH Bangor. The Plynlimon research catchments lie within the headwaters of the River Severn and the River Wye in the uplands of mid-Wales. Intensive and long-term monitoring within the catchments underpins a wealth of hydrological and hydro-chemical research. Monitoring is funded by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, and is ongoing since 1968. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/794c609b-da62-4a42-a4c1-267219865bb1

This dataset compares historic grassland survey data with contemporary spatial data of habitats in England. The National Vegetation Classification (NVC) community and grassland type were determined for 848 quadrats surveyed at grassland sites in England between 1960 and 1981. A 100m buffer was generated around each individual quadrat which matched the spatial accuracy (±100m) of the quadrat location, to represent a grassland site. These sites were intersected with Natural England's Priority Habitats Inventory in ArcGIS, to indicate the percentage cover of priority habitats found at the grassland sites in 2013. This dataset supersedes the previous version. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/a75b9569-948a-4bb2-97a5-6863717881c8

This dataset consists of the 1km raster, percentage aggregate class version of the Land Cover Map 2015 (LCM2015) for Great Britain. The 1km percentage product provides the percentage cover for each of 10 aggregated land cover classes for 1km x 1km pixels. This product contains one band per aggregated habitat class (producing a 10 band image). The 10 aggregate classes are groupings of 21 target classes, which are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. The aggregate classes group some of the more specialised classes into more general categories. For example, the five coastal classes in the target class are grouped into a single aggregate coastal class. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. LCM2015 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. LCM2015 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the CEH web site and the LCM2015 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. LCM2015 was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is one of a series of land cover maps, produced by UKCEH since 1990. They include versions in 1990, 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/7115bc48-3ab0-475d-84ae-fd3126c20984

This dataset consists of the 25m raster version of the Land Cover Map 2015 (LCM2015) for Northern Ireland. This is the most detailed of the LCM2015 raster products both thematically and spatially, and it is used to derive the 1km products. The 25m raster product consists of two bands: Band 1 - raster representation of the majority (dominant) class per polygon for 21 target habitat classes; Band 2 - mean per polygon probability as reported by the Random Forest classifier (see supporting information). The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. LCM2015 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. LCM2015 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the CEH web site and the LCM2015 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. LCM2015 was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is one of a series of land cover maps, produced by UKCEH since 1990. They include versions in 1990, 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/47f053a0-e34f-4534-a843-76f0a0998a2f