Major and trace element composition, and stable isotope data for whole-rock samples from alkaline rocks of the Chilwa Province. Samples collected between 2011-2021 in the Chilwa Alkaline Province, Malawi

This dataset was constructed to characterise the invasion dynamics of Pinus radiata from seeds released from commercial plantations into surrounding areas, preferably those dominated by native species, in two situations: after the occurrence of forest fires and in the absence of them. Demographic data were collected concerning three key factors of the invasion process: a) The seed source, in this case, the commercial plantation, where the age, tree density, cone production, and the proportion of cones that remained closed were recorded; b) the characteristics of the habitat surrounding the plantation, as a receiving system for the seeds; this included an assessment of ground cover, understory cover, and canopy cover; and c) The natural regeneration of P. radiata was evaluated regarding its density, ages, heights, and the presence of cones. Information was collected in five geographic areas of Chile: in three of them we were able to establish six study sites per area (three burned and three unburned sites), but in two regions there were no register of recent fires, so only three unburned sites per area were established. Three transects were established in each study site. Fires occurred between 2010 and 2021, and data was collected between 2020 and 2021. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/43dc564c-2054-4e5a-950c-031d35521ebf

Peat properties data and age depth models for 102 peat cores extracted and analysed for the Increased Carbon Accumulation in Arctic Peatlands (ICAAP) project (Grant NE/S001166/1). Peat cores were extracted from 12 peatland sites from four regions of the Arctic: Svalbard (78.09065°N 14.98407°E; 78.98595°N, 11.98246°E; and 78.95872°N, 11.68331°E), Norwegian and Finnish Lapland (70.11876°N, 28.48351°E; 69.80659°N, 27.19732°E; and 69.38787°N, 24.24123°E), Nunavut, Canada (72.655515°N, 78.061646°W; 72.694207°N, 77.864603°W; and 73.13028°N, 80.022987°W), and Quebec, Canada (62.165681°N, 75.915017°W; 62.123168°N, 75.769467°W; and 62.157355°N, 75.607301°W). Data originates from the analysis of Arctic peat cores for changes in rates of lateral expansion and vertical peat accumulation during recent centuries. Specifically, peat cores were analysed for moisture content (%), dry bulk density (g cm-3), C/N content (%), 210Pb activity levels (bq/kg), and 14C radiocarbon age (yr BP).

[This dataset is embargoed until December 8, 2025]. This data set contains information on the age of Sus scrofa (pig) bones and teeth from archaeological sites in the Philippines and the Pacific Islands as estimated by AMS radiocarbon dating. Samples were selected for radiocarbon dating and palaeogenomic analysis from the following archaeological sites in the Philippines and Pacific Islands (Palau): Pamayan (Philippines), Savidug (Philippines) and Uchul a Rois (Palau). Radiocarbon dating was carried out at the Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit following published protocols. This work was supported by NERC grant NE/S00078X/1. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/3187bfa1-6346-4569-9062-b5414ec1dd62

This dataset contains features detected by untargeted metabolomics analysis of paired cultures of 4 interacting Streptomyces bacteria. The bacteria were originally isolated from a nature reserve in Minnesota USA. Daily samples of spot cultures grown in adjacent pairs on solid ISP2 medium were taken from day 2 to 6 in triplicate. Metabolites were obtained by cold methanol extraction, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry data was collected in both positive and negative ionisation modes. This dataset contains the mass-to-charge (m/z) and retention time of identified peaks, and their ion intensity in each sample. The relative abundance of these identified features was later compared between pairs of interacting strains to gain insight into changes in their metabolism. This work was funded by NERC (NE/T010959/1) and National Science Foundation (USA, 1935458). Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/4921f306-5efa-4bf7-a15e-a157c2665889

This dataset contains phenotypic information for three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that were raised from a single marine x freshwater cross from populations on North Uist, Scottish Outer Hebrides for approximately 5 generations in a freshwater pond in Nottinghamshire, UK. The fish were then used in a quantitative trait loci (QTL) experiment to determine the genomic regions associated with various phenotypic traits in the fish. The phenotypic information includes body length, body weight, sex, whether species of the parasite Schistocephalus was observed in the body cavity, and the composition of the body of the fish (determined by ICPMass Spectromotry) including the following elements: B, Na, Mg, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Li, Be, Al, V , Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Cs, Ba, Tl, Pb, U Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/e7797949-8b96-423e-870e-69e8314dbe90

[This dataset is embargoed until September 30, 2025]. This dataset consists of plant species presence and abundance in vegetation plots located on hedges, recorded from 248 1km squares across England in 2022 and 2023, as part of a survey of hedges funded by Natural England. The survey sites belong to the UKCEH Countryside Survey, which is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have previously been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and predecessors, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way, we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/48394dea-f17d-4e38-896c-ac845db852b9

These data describe individual behaviour during an experiment investigating chick responses to 3D-printed insect replicas. Data describe chick progress through an initial training period, during which they open lids of small dishes and consume mealworms, and then during a testing trial, in which they approach and open dishes on which were placed 3D-printed insect replicas. Also included are chick growth curves (daily weights in g) for the period of the experiment. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/2348b53a-77f7-4293-8060-1a66fe4cea93

Records of aggregation formation of four groups of 24 female cockroaches (Blaptica dubia) using the same shelter. Each file covers a single group for a single day. Each line in the data represents the confident detection of a single individual, hence the name of the aggregation/photograph is repeated over multiple lines if there were multiple individuals in that photograph. The cockroaches were kept in an incubator at 50%, then 40%, then 30% relative humidity for four days each. After experiencing the three humidities, groups were randomly re-formed and the run repeated. This was then done twice more, giving four replicates in total (16 unique groups). Cockroaches in the same shelter, and therefore in the same photograph, were assumed to be in the same aggregation and so associating in that instance. These data can be used to understand how patterns of social associations change with humidity. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/64467180-c8e0-467e-865a-f42495a89019

This dataset contains year-by-year tree inter-annual growth measurements (dendroecology, ring width) covering 1900-2019. European Beech tree cores were sampled in late 2019 at 12 sites in Bulgaria, Albania, Kosovo, and Spain. Measurements took place to fill the climatic gaps that European Beech Tree Ring Network (EBTRN) has not well covered at the hot and dry European distribution edges. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/5a749178-cc87-4ccc-88e5-ea7c464f067b