This dataset contains two gridded potential evapotranspiration variables for Great Britain from 1961-2019: daily total potential evapotranspiration (PET; kg m-2 d-1) and daily total potential evapotranspiration with interception correction (PETI; kg m-2 d-1). The variables were calculated from the Climate Hydrology and Ecology research Support System meteorology dataset for Great Britain (1961-2019) [CHESS-met] gridded observed meteorological data at 1 km resolution. The units kg m-2 d-1 are equivalent to mm d-1. The data are provided in gridded NetCDF files. There is one file for each variable, for each calendar month. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/bcec9c33-f863-464e-ac28-73b981bd40a4

[This dataset is embargoed until December 15, 2025]. Data comprise of 13 different ecosystem services that were modelled at the 1 km2 resolution across Great Britain, mostly using data from 2015. The ecosystem services modelled were potential crop Production (in terms of calories), pollinator visits, greenhouse gas sequestration, two measures of biodiversity (biodiversity conservation index and richness index), erosion avoided, potential grassland productivity, nutrient retention, water retention, water yield, and potential timber yield. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/ea7f988d-5efe-44f9-84e9-2e4006166cf6

This dataset consists of the vector version of the Land Cover Map 2000 for Northern Ireland, containing individual parcels of land cover (the highest available resolution). Level 2 & Level 3 attributes are available. Level 2, the standard level of detail, provides 26 LCM2000 target or ('sub') classes. This is the most widely used version of the dataset. Level 3 gives higher class detail. However, the quality of this level of detail may vary in different areas of the country, requiring expert interpretation. The dataset is part of a series of data products produced by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology known as LCM2000. LCM2000 is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. LCM2000 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors and also incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2000 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible. The series of LCM2000 products includes vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/9f043047-d1c7-4852-b513-aa00204022a8

Gridded hydrological model river flow estimates on a 1km grid over Great Britain for the period Dec 1980 - Nov 2080. The dataset includes monthly mean river flow, annual maxima of daily mean river flow (water years Oct to Sept), along with the date of occurrence, and annual minima of 7-day mean river flow (years spanning Dec-Nov), along with the date of occurrence (units: m3/s). The data are provided in gridded netCDF files. There is one file for each variable and ensemble member. To aid interpretation, two additional spatial datasets are provided: a) digitally-derived catchment areas and b) estimated locations of flow gauging stations both on the 1km x 1km grid. The data were produced as part of UK-SCAPE (UK Status, Change And Projections of the Environment; https://ukscape.ceh.ac.uk/, Work Package 2: Case Study - Water) a NERC-funded National Capability Science Single Centre award. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/18be3704-0a6d-4917-aa2e-bf38927321c5

Gridded hydrological model soil moisture estimates on a 1km grid over Great Britain and Northern Ireland for the period Dec 1980 - Nov 2011 (units: m water/m soil). The data are provided in gridded netCDF files. There are separate files for Great Britain and Northern Ireland. To aid interpretation, two additional spatial datasets are provided: 1km x 1km grids identifying majority lake cells for a) Great Britain and b) Northern Ireland. The data were produced as part of UK-SCAPE (UK Status, Change And Projections of the Environment; https://ukscape.ceh.ac.uk/, Work Package 2: Case Study - Water) a NERC-funded National Capability Science Single Centre award. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/c9a85f7c-45e2-4201-af82-4c833b3f2c5f

This 1 km summary pixel data set represents the land surface of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, classified using two classification schemas, target and aggregate classes. The target class schema comprise 21 UKCEH land cover classes based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. The aggregate class schema comprises 10 aggregate classes that are groupings of the 21 target classes. The aggregate classes group some of the more specialised target classes into more general classes. For example, the five coastal classes in the target class are grouped into a single aggregate class. The 1km percentage product provides the percentage cover for each of the 21 land cover classes for 1km x 1km pixels. This product contains one band per habitat class, producing 21 and 10 band images for the target and aggregate class products respectively. The 1km dominant coverage product is based on the 1km percentage product, and reports the land cover class with the highest percentage cover for each 1km pixel. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2023 products are available from the LCM2023 product documentation accompanying this dataset. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/96bc980a-31b4-4d1b-87e9-007d4932a56b

[THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN]. Land Cover Map 2007 (LCM2007) is a parcel-based thematic classification of satellite image data covering the entire United Kingdom. The map updates and upgrades the Land Cover Map of Great Britain (LCMGB) 1990 and LCM2000. Like the earlier 1990 and 2000 products, LCM2007 is derived from a computer classification of satellite scenes obtained mainly from Landsat, IRS and SPOT sensors. It also covers Northern Ireland and incorporates information derived from other ancillary datasets. LCM2007 was classified using a nomenclature corresponding to Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompasses the entire range of UK habitats. In addition, it recorded further detail where possible, incorporating land cover classes sought by other users. LCM2007 is produced in both vector and raster formats, with a number of different versions containing varying levels of detail and at different spatial resolutions. This dataset consists of the 1km raster, percentage Aggregate Class. Great Britain only. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/3f3fa303-d019-4b28-ad79-9a45f8ee04d0

The Land Classification 1990 is a classification of Great Britain into a set of 32 environmental strata, termed land classes, to be used as a basis for ecological survey, originally developed by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (ITE) in the late 1970s. The strata were created from the multivariate analysis of 75 environmental variables, including climatic data, topographic data, human geographical features and geology data. The Land Classification can be used to stratify a wide range of ecological and biogeographical surveys to improve the efficiency of collection, analysis and presentation of information derived from a sample. The Land Classification 1990 provided stratification the Countryside Survey of Great Britain 1990. The dataset was later modified in 1998 and 2007 for successive Countryside Surveys, both versions of which are also available. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/ab320e08-faf5-48e1-9ec9-77a213d2907f

This data set contains Global maps of five ecosystem services using 6 different among-model ensemble approaches: the provisioning services of water supply, biomass for fuelwood and forage production, the regulating service Carbon Storage for CO2 retention and the cultural non-material service Recreation. For water, the data comes as one shapefile with polygons per watershed, each polygon containing seven ensemble estimates. The other services – recreation, carbon storage, biomass for fuelwood and forage production – come as seven tiff- maps at a 1-km2 resolution with associated world files for each tiff-map contains 43,200 x 18,600 pixels for one ensemble approach, with LZW compressed file sizes between 400MB and 950MB. For all maps, 600dpi jpg depictions are added to the supporting information with uniform colour scaling set for the median ensemble per service. Ensemble output maps were calculated with different approaches following the supporting documentation and associated publication. Uncertainty estimates for these services are included as variation among contributing model outputs and among the employed ensemble approaches. The work was completed under the ‘EnsemblES - Using ensemble techniques to capture the accuracy and sensitivity of ecosystem service models’ project (NE/T00391X/1) funded by the UKRI Landscape Decisions programme, with additional funding from ES/R009279/1 (MobilES) & ES/T007877/1 (RUST). Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/bd940dad-9bf4-40d9-891b-161f3dfe8e86

This dataset consists of plant species presence and abundance in different sizes of plots recorded from 259 1km squares across Great Britain in 2022 and 2023, as part of a rolling soil and vegetation monitoring program of 500 1km squares, beginning in 2019 and repeated every 5 years. The UKCEH Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have previously been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and predecessors, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way, we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to vegetation data, soil data are also gathered by the current phase of the Countryside Survey. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/2859b031-ec69-48df-891f-58fbf6f942cb