The Coupled Ocean Atmosphere and European Climate (COAPEC) is a NERC thematic programme designed to examine the variability of the Earth's climate. The goal of COAPEC is to determine the impact on climate, especially European climate, of the coupling between the Atlantic Ocean and the atmosphere. The British Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC) is the primary distribution data centre for COAPEC. This dataset contains output from the 500 year HadCM3 control integration performed with UM version 4.5 on a Linux Beowulf Cluster for COAPEC.

"The Role of Air-Sea Forcing in Causing Rapid Changes in the North Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation" project was a Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) RAPID Climate Change Research Programme project (Round 1 - NER/T/S/2002/00427 - Duration 16 Feb 2004 - 15 Oct 2007) led by Dr Simon Josey of National Ocenaography Centre, with co-investigators also at the National Oceanography Centre. This dataset collections contains analysis of coupled model output of surface forcing variability in ocean circulation from the Fast Ocean Rapid Troposphere Experiment (FORTE). Rapid Climate Change (RAPID) was a £20 million, six-year (2001-2007) programme for the Natural Environment Research Council. The programme aimed to improve the ability to quantify the probability and magnitude of future rapid change in climate, with a main (but not exclusive) focus on the role of the Atlantic Ocean's Thermohaline Circulation.

This dataset contains about 5 years of analysed observations regarding the degree of convective aggregation, or clumping, across the tropics - these are averaged onto a large-scale grid. There are also additional variables which represent environmental fields (e.g. sea surface temperature from satellite data, or humidity profiles averaged from reanalysis data) averaged onto the same large-scale grid. The main aggregation index is the Simple Convective Aggregation Index (SCAI) originally defined in Tobin et al. 2012, Journal of Climate. The data were created during the main years of CloudSat and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) satellite data so that they could be compared with vertical cloud profiles from this satellite data, and the results of this analysis appear in Stein et al. 2017, Journal of Climate. Each file is one year of data (although the year may not be complete). Each variable is an array: var(nlon, nlat, [nlev], ntime) longitude, latitude, pressure, time are variables in each file units are attributes of each variable (except non-dimensional ones) missing_value is 3.0E20 and is an attribute of each variable Time is in days since 19790101:00Z and is every 3hours at 00z, 03z, ... The actual temporal frequency of the data is described for each variable below. The data is for each 10deg X 10deg lat/lon box, 30S-30N (at outer edges of box domain), with each box defined by its centre coordinates and with boxes overlapping each other by 5deg in each direction. In general, each variable is a spatial average over each box, with the value set to missing if more than 15% of the box is missing data. Exceptions to this are given below. The most important exception is for the brightness temperature data, used in aggregation statistics, which is filled in using neighborhood averaging if no more than 5% of the pixels are missing, but otherwise is considered to be all missing data. The percentage of missing pixels is recorded in 'bt_miss_frac'.

Data from the National Centre for Atmospheric Research Community Climate System Model, version 3.0 simulations

Data from the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (NASA/GISS), USA GISS ModelE-R simulations

Data for Figure 3.25 from Chapter 3 of the Working Group I (WGI) Contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6). Figure 3.25 shows CMIP6 potential temperature and salinity biases for the global ocean, Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. --------------------------------------------------- How to cite this dataset --------------------------------------------------- When citing this dataset, please include both the data citation below (under 'Citable as') and the following citation for the report component from which the figure originates: Eyring, V., N.P. Gillett, K.M. Achuta Rao, R. Barimalala, M. Barreiro Parrillo, N. Bellouin, C. Cassou, P.J. Durack, Y. Kosaka, S. McGregor, S. Min, O. Morgenstern, and Y. Sun, 2021: Human Influence on the Climate System. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 423–552, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.005. --------------------------------------------------- Figure subpanels --------------------------------------------------- There are panels (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h). The data is in respective subdirectories. --------------------------------------------------- List of data provided --------------------------------------------------- The dataset contains modelled and observational ocean data (1981-2010) for different ocean basins (global, Atlantic, Pacific, Indian):  - Potential temperature from WOA18 observations - Salinity from WOA18 observations - Potential temperature bias (CMIP6 - WOA18) - Salinity bias (CMIP6 - WOA18) --------------------------------------------------- Data provided in relation to figure --------------------------------------------------- Panel a - panel_a/potential_temperature_bias_global_panel_a.nc: data for colored filled contours showing temperature bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_a/WOA_potential_temperature_global_panel_a.nc: data for black contours showing WOA18 temperature from 1981 to 2010 Panel b - panel_b/salinity_bias_global_panel_b.nc:  data for colored filled contours showing salinity bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_b/WOA_salinity_global_panel_b.nc: data for black contours showing WOA18 salinity from 1981 to 2010 Panel c - panel_c/potential_temperature_bias_atlantic_panel_c.nc: data for colored filled contours showing temperature bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_c/WOA_potential_temperature_atlantic_panel_c.nc: data for black contours showing WOA18 temperature from 1981 to 2010 Panel d - panel_d/salinity_bias_atlantic_panel_d.nc: data for colored filled contours showing salinity bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_d/WOA_salinity_atlantic_panel_d.nc: data for black contours showing WOA18 salinity from 1981 to 2010 Panel e - panel_e/potential_temperature_bias_pacific_panel_e.nc: data for colored filled contours showing temperature bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_e/WOA_potential_temperature_pacific_panel_e.nc:  data for black contours showing WOA18 temperature from 1981 to 2010 Panel f - panel_f/salinity_bias_pacific_panel_f.nc: data for colored filled contours showing salinity bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_f/WOA_salinity_pacific_panel_f.nc:  data for black contours showing WOA18 salinity from 1981 to 2010 Panel g - panel_g/potential_temperature_bias_indian_panel_g.nc: data for colored filled contours showing temperature bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_g/WOA_potential_temperature_indian_panel_g.nc:  data for black contours showing WOA18 temperature from 1981 to 2010 Panel h - panel_h/salinity_bias_indian_panel_h.nc: data for colored filled contours showing salinity bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_h/WOA_salinity_indian_panel_h.nc:  data for black contours showing WOA18 salinity from 1981 to 2010 CMIP6 is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. --------------------------------------------------- Sources of additional information --------------------------------------------------- The following weblinks are provided in the Related Documents section of this catalogue record: - Link to the report component containing the figure (Chapter 3) - Link to the Supplementary Material for Chapter 3, which contains details on the input data used in Table 3.SM.1 - Link to the code for the figure, archived on Zenodo.

The Cloud_cci ATSR2-AATSRv3 dataset (covering 1995-2012) was generated within the Cloud_cci project, which was funded by the European Space Agency (ESA) as part of the ESA Climate Change Initiative (CCI) programme (Contract No.: 4000109870/13/I-NB). This dataset is one of the 6 datasets generated in Cloud_cci; all of them being based on passive-imager satellite measurements. This dataset is based on measurements from the ATSR2 and AATSR instruments (onboard the ERS2 and ENVISAT satellites) and contains a variety of cloud properties which were derived employing the Community Cloud retrieval for Climate (CC4CL; Sus et al., 2018; McGarragh et al., 2018) retrieval framework. The core cloud properties contained in the Cloud_cci ATSR2-AATSRv3 dataset are cloud mask/fraction, cloud phase, cloud top pressure/height/temperature, cloud optical thickness, cloud effective radius and cloud liquid/ice water path. Spectral cloud albedo is also included as experimental product. The cloud properties are available at different processing levels: This particular dataset contains Level-3C (monthly averages and histograms) data, while Level-3U (globally gridded, unaveraged data fields) is also available as a separate dataset. Pixel-based uncertainty estimates come along with all properties and have been propagated into the Level-3C data. The data in this dataset are a subset of the ATSR2-AATSR L3C / L3U cloud products version 3.0 dataset produced by the ESA Cloud_cci project available from https://dx.doi.org/10.5676/DWD/ESA_Cloud_cci/ATSR2-AATSR/V003. To cite the full dataset, please use the following citation: Poulsen, Caroline; McGarragh, Greg; Thomas, Gareth; Stengel, Martin; Christensen, Matthew; Povey, Adam; Proud, Simon; Carboni, Elisa; Hollmann, Rainer; Grainger, Don (2019): ESA Cloud Climate Change Initiative (ESA Cloud_cci) data: Cloud_cci ATSR2-AATSR L3C/L3U CLD_PRODUCTS v3.0, Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) and Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (Dataset Producer), DOI:10.5676/DWD/ESA_Cloud_cci/ATSR2-AATSR/V003

The University of Aberystwyth mobile ozone lidar data contain measurements of ozone mixing ratios and aerosol information. The data were collected at Chilbolton observatory, Hampshire on the 7th and the 8th of June 2005. The data collected on the 7th of June 2005 are of ozone mixing ratios only. The data collected on the 8th of June 2005 are of ozone mixing ratios, aerosol backscatter, and boundary layer height information.

Cascade was a NERC funded consortium project to study organized convection and scale interactions in the tropical atmosphere using large domain cloud system resolving model simulations. The xfncl simulation was made using the Met Office Unified Model (UM) at 1.5km resolution over the domain 40E-183E, 22S-22N which encompasses the Indian Ocean West Pacific Warm Pool. Cascade Warm Pool simulations coincide with the Year of Tropical Convection. This dataset contains Warm Pool 1.5km model measurements from xfncl run.

RAPID-WATCH VALOR project investigated how the inclusion of RAPID-WATCH observations into the 'initial conditions', used to start climate model simulations, can refine predictions of the future climate and, particularly, the future state of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). This dataset collection contains Meteorology ECMWF Model output.