This dataset contains solution data produced by the BAS-PRO proton radiation belt model for the study "Modelling Inner Proton Belt Variability at Energies 1 to 10MeV using BAS-PRO". The solution data is in the form of 3D grids describing phase space density computed during dynamic simulations of Earth''s proton belt over the modelling period 2014 to 2018. Three model runs are included: SA19, J81 and S16. Files were produced in May 2021. This work was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) via Doctoral Training Programme NE/R009457/1. Richard B. Horne and Sarah A. Glauert were supported by NERC National Capability grants NE/R016038/1 and NE/R016445/1, and by NERC grant NE/V00249X/1 (Sat-Risk), and by Highlight Topic Grant NE/P01738X/1 (Rad-Sat). Giulio Del Zanna acknowledges support from STFC (UK) via the consolidated grants to the atomic astrophysics group (AAG) at DAMTP, University of Cambridge (ST/P000665/1 and ST/T000481/1). Seth G. Claudepierre acknowledges support from NASA Grant no. NNX17AF10G and from RBSP-ECT funding provided by JHU/APL Contract 967399 under NASA''s Prime Contract NAS5-01072.

This datasets captures the body mass, bill length and bill depth of adult chinstrap penguins immediately after their arrival to Signy Island at the start of the annual breeding from 1996 to 2020. Penguins arriving at the beach were measured for bill length, depth, and body mass before being released where they were captured. These measurements were made in mid/late November, as chinstrap penguins arrive for the austral summer. This monitoring contributes to the CCAMLR (Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources) Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) and is part of the annual seabird Long Term Monitoring carried out by the British Antarctic Survey at Signy Island. Ecosystems component of BAS Polar Science for Planet Earth Programme, funded by NERC.

A new version of this dataset exists. To see the last version of the Antarctic Digital Database, have a look here: https://data.bas.ac.uk/collections/e74543c0-4c4e-4b41-aa33-5bb2f67df389/ Coastline for Antarctica created from various mapping and remote sensing sources, provided as polygons with ''land'', ''ice shelf'', ''ice tongue'' or ''rumple'''' attribute. Covering all land and ice shelves south of 60degS. Suitable for topographic mapping and analysis. High resolution versions of ADD data are suitable for scales larger than 1:1,000,000. The largest suitable scale is changeable and dependent on the region. Changes in v7.8 include updates to the Brunt, Wilkins and Stange Ice Shelves, Pine Island and Thwaites Glaciers and James Ross Island ice fronts. Data compiled, managed and distributed by the Mapping and Geographic Information Centre and the UK Polar Data Centre, British Antarctic Survey on behalf of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research.

A new version of this dataset exists. To see the last version of the Antarctic Digital Database, have a look here: https://data.bas.ac.uk/collections/e74543c0-4c4e-4b41-aa33-5bb2f67df389/ Coastline for Antarctica created from various mapping and remote sensing sources, provided as polygons with ''land'', ''ice shelf'', ''ice tongue'' or ''rumple'''' attribute. Covering all land and ice shelves south of 60degS. Suitable for topographic mapping and analysis. This dataset has been generalised from the high resolution vector polygons. Medium resolution versions of ADD data are suitable for scales smaller than 1:1,000,000, although certain regions will appear more detailed than others due to variable data availability and coastline characteristics. Changes in v7.8 include updates to the Brunt, Wilkins and Stange Ice Shelves, Pine Island and Thwaites Glaciers and James Ross Island ice fronts. Data compiled, managed and distributed by the Mapping and Geographic Information Centre and the UK Polar Data Centre, British Antarctic Survey on behalf of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research.

A new version of this dataset exists. To see the last version of the Antarctic Digital Database, have a look here: https://data.bas.ac.uk/collections/e74543c0-4c4e-4b41-aa33-5bb2f67df389/ Coastline for Antarctica created from various mapping and remote sensing sources, consisting of the following coast types: ice coastline, rock coastline, grounding line, ice shelf and front, ice rumple, and rock against ice shelf. Covering all land and ice shelves south of 60degS. Suitable for topographic mapping and analysis. High resolution versions of ADD data are suitable for scales larger than 1:1,000,000. The largest suitable scale is changeable and dependent on the region. Changes in v7.8 include updates to the Brunt, Wilkins and Stange Ice Shelves, Pine Island and Thwaites Glaciers and James Ross Island ice fronts. Data compiled, managed and distributed by the Mapping and Geographic Information Centre and the UK Polar Data Centre, British Antarctic Survey on behalf of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research.

A new version of this dataset exists. To see the last version of the Antarctic Digital Database, have a look here: https://data.bas.ac.uk/collections/e74543c0-4c4e-4b41-aa33-5bb2f67df389/ Coastline for Antarctica created from various mapping and remote sensing sources, consisting of the following coast types: ice coastline, rock coastline, grounding line, ice shelf and front, ice rumple, and rock against ice shelf. Covering all land and ice shelves south of 60degS. Suitable for topographic mapping and analysis. This dataset has been generalised from the high resolution vector polyline. Medium resolution versions of ADD data are suitable for scales smaller than 1:1,000,000, although certain regions will appear more detailed than others due to variable data availability and coastline characteristics. Changes in v7.8 include updates to the Brunt, Wilkins and Stange Ice Shelves, Pine Island and Thwaites Glaciers and James Ross Island ice fronts. Data compiled, managed and distributed by the Mapping and Geographic Information Centre and the UK Polar Data Centre, British Antarctic Survey on behalf of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research.

This dataset contains data produced by two Gorgon Global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations with steady solar wind conditions interacting with the Earth''s magnetosphere, as utilised in the study of Desai et al. (2021b). Further description of the Gorgon MHD model can be found at Mejnertsen et al., (2016,2018), Eggington et al., (2020) and Desai et al., (2021a). The data was produced on the Imperial College High Performance Computing Service (doi: 10.14469/hpc/2232). Two MHD simulations are contained; one with northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) conditions and one with southward (IMF) conditions. The northward IMF condition is run with a grid resolution of 0.25 earth radii (RE) and the southward IMF conditions is run three times for grid resolutions of 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125 RE. The MHD equations were solved in the magnetosphere on a regular 3-D Cartesian grid, covering a domain of dimensions (-20,100) RE in X, (-40,40) RE in Y and (-40,40) RE in Z with an inner boundary at 3 RE. In this coordinate system the Sun lies in the negative X-direction, the Z axis is aligned to the dipole in the 0 degree tilt case (where positive tilt points the north magnetic pole towards the Sun), and Y completes the right-handed set. Output data is timestamped in seconds and is defined at the centre of the grid cells. The simulation data corresponding to each shock are stored in separate directories ''NorthwardX'' and ''SouthwardX'' where X is the grid resolution in RE of: 0.5 for the northward case and 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125 for the southward case. The data are stored in hdf5 format. The magnetospheric variables are stored in the files: ''Gorgon_[YYYYMMDD]_MS_params_[XXXXX]s.hdf5'' where XXXXX is the simulation time in seconds. The magnetospheric data includes the magnetic field, (''Bvec_c'') and Electric field, (''Evec''), after 2hrs of simulation. The data are of shape (240,160,160,3) where the first 3 dimensions are the grid indices in (X,Y,Z) indexed from negative to positive, and the final dimension is the cartesian vector component in (i,j,k). Funding was provided by NERC Highlight grant to NE/P017347/1 (Rad-Sat).

A new version of this dataset exists. To see the last version of the Antarctic Digital Database, have a look here: https://data.bas.ac.uk/collections/e74543c0-4c4e-4b41-aa33-5bb2f67df389/ A medium resolution seamask for regions south of 60S, comprised of a roundel polygon with all land and ice shelves erased. Medium resolution versions of ADD data are suitable for scales smaller than 1:1,000,000, although certain regions will appear more detailed than others due to variable data availability and coastline characteristics. Data compiled, managed and distributed by the Mapping and Geographic Information Centre and the UK Polar Data Centre, British Antarctic Survey on behalf of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research.

Year-round measurements of the water column in Ryder Bay, Western Antarctic Peninsula have been collected by the Rothera Marine Assistant and associated researchers, starting in 1997 as part of the Rothera Oceanographic and Biological Time Series (RATS) to assess temporal variability in physical and biogeochemical oceanographic properties. The data were collected using instrumentation deployed from rigid inflatable boats, or through instrumentation deployed through holes cut in the sea ice when the bay is frozen over in winter. Data collected include profiles to about 500m depth with a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) system that produces measurements of temperature, salinity, fluorescence and photosynthetically-active radiation (PAR). Individual water samples are collected with a Niskin bottle from a standard 15m depth, with some samples also collected from the surface layer. These individual samples are analysed for size-fractionated chlorophyll, macronutrients (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, orthophosphate and silicic acid), stable isotopes of oxygen in seawater, and some ancillary parameters. The bottle data have been quality controlled using international reference standards. Profiling and water sample collection occur with quasi-weekly frequency in summer and weekly in winter, but are weather and sea ice dependent. In addition, daily assessments of sea ice concentration and sea ice type are made from nearby Rothera Research Station by visual inspection, to aid interpretation of the ocean data collected. These data constitute one of the longest time series of ocean measurements in Antarctica, with near-unique systematic data collection in winter, within either polar circle. Data collection has been supported since 1997 by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) through core funding supplied to the British Antarctic Survey. Since 2017, it has been supported by NERC award "National Capability - Polar Expertise Supporting UK Research" (NE/R016038/1).

This data compilation is a collaborative effort by the CLIVASH2k (Climate Variability in Antarctica and the Southern Hemisphere over the past 2000 years) working group, part of the PAGES2k network. The database is a compilation of sodium and sulphate records from Antarctic ice cores spanning the past 2000 years, and contains a combination of published records (sourced from public archives), and unpublished data submitted to the CLIVASH2k call. All data are provided as annual averages (Jan-Dec). This database includes the annually resolved section of each original dataset (in the annual_resolution folder) and the coarser than annual sections (in the coarse_resolution folder). Annual averages for the oldest and most recent years were only included if the available data covered more than half of the year. All concentration values are presented in parts per billion (ppb). All flux values are presented in ppb by kilogram per square meter (ppb kg m-2). Data for each species are contained in separate CSV files; Sodium concentration (Na_concentration), Sodium flux (Na_flux), Sulphate concentration (SO4_concentration), Sulphate flux (SO4_flux), Excess Sulphate (xsSO4), Excess Sulphate flux (xsSO4_flux). Each file contains the data for all sites. The Excess Sulphate and Excess Sulphate flux calculations assume that all Na comes from the ocean (according to the standard seawater ion ratio as in [Holland, 1978]). Data were submitted in both the ionic (e.g. SO42-) and elemental forms (S). Elemental S has been converted to sulphate (SO42-) by multiplying by three. A data description publication accompanies this database: Thomas et al., The CLIVASH2k ice core chemistry database: an Antarctic compilation of sodium and sulphate records spanning the past 2000 years. Earth System Science Data. This database was created with the support of the CLIVASH2k project.