This dataset contains model outputs of daily mean volumetric water content and topsoil temperature at 1 km resolution across the UK mainland for the years 1965-2018. The outputs are generated using neural network models trained on COSMOS-UK (cosmic-ray soil moisture) observational data. The data are presented in monthly NetCDF files on the British National Grid. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/5100e84a-6af9-419b-b4b6-4a5df13b1aec

[THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN]. Data are presented on earthworm abundance with distance from hedgerows was recorded for arable fields and pasture leys at farms at Little Langton, Hutton Wandesley, Overton and Whenby, Yorkshire. Sampling was carried out 12 to 26th May 2016. Pits were excavated and soil hand sorted for earthworms. Mustard solution was then poured into the pit and any emerging earthworms collected. All earthworms were preserved in ethanol for identification using the Sims and Gerard Field studies key. At each pit the following measurements were also taken: soil moisture, soil temperature, soil bulk density. The samples were taken to determine the influence of leys on soil quality by Miranda Prendergast-Miller and colleagues as part of the SoilBioHedge project (Grant Reference NE/M017095/1) funded by the NERC Soil Security Programme. (Grant Reference NE/M017044/1). Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/2c84ae3f-f785-4151-8efb-6a1598fd5a65

This dataset presents daily data from temperature and soil moisture sensors in each experimental plot (n=9 plots) at the Climoor field site. Soil temperature is measured at 5 cm and 20 cm soil depth (degrees Celsius), and soil moisture is measured as soil volumetric water content (m3 per m3). Data were collected from the climate change field site Climoor that is located in Clocaenog forest, NE Wales. The experimental field site consists of three untreated control plots (Plots 3, 6 and 9), three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours (Plots 1, 2 and 7) and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants' growing season (Plots 4, 5 and 8). Data is an extension for the micromet datasets 1998-2015, 2015-2016 and 2016-2021, covering the time period January 2022 to December 2023. Temperature and moisture data are logged in minute intervals and are averaged as half-hourly. Data were sent from the field site to a UKCEH server. A working copy was created, quality assurance checks carried out and daily averages calculated from half-hourly records. Data which were not recorded are marked as “NA”, faulty data were replaced by “-9999”. Data collection, processing and quality check was carried out by UKCEH staff. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. The reported plot level temperature and soil moisture data are important to evaluate the effect of the imposed climatic treatments on ecosystem processes and functioning. More detailed information about the field site, measurements and related datasets can be found in the supporting documentation. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/02a10a1a-693c-47dd-8f46-c70ff7f218f0

Data were collected under the NERC funded project - Fennec -The Saharan Climate System. The project was lead by the University of Oxford and involved the Universities of Leeds, Reading, Sussex and the UK Met Office. Fennec investigated the Saharan climate system and the role of dust aerosols, involving a unique surface and aircraft field campaign with the FAAM BAe-146. Various meteorological variables were collected at 3 min 20 second intervals, between 2011 and 2013 at 8 Automatic Weather Stations. Parameters include: 1m pressure, 3 min 20 sec mean 2m windspeed (sonic and cup anemometers), number of windspeeds sampled, variance of windspeed in sample, skew of windspeed in sample, 2m relative humidity, 2 temperature, soil temperature (2 depths), ground flux, shortwave radiation up and down, longwave radiation up and down. Specific station locations are stated both in the data files and the CEDA platform record. One station had to be moved after the first year, hence there are 9 station locations listed. Due to harsh environmental conditions a number of the AWS stopped operating after deployment. Additional information regarding instrument issues and missing data can be found in a PDF on the CEDA archive.

Soil temperature measurements taken at various sites on Signy Island during the 2008-2009 field season. These measurements were used as part of an investigation to understand the effect of temperature and moisture on the availability of different nitrogen forms.

This dataset contains greenhouse gas flux data and vegetation survey data from an experiment based at Winklebury Hill, UK. The vegetation survey comprises total species percentage cover and species richness data from four 50 cm by 50 cm quadrats. The greenhouse gas flux data comprises net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange, photosynthesis and respiration data measured with an Infra-red Gas Analyser (IRGA); methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide data measured using gas chromatography; and nitrate and ammonium from soil samples extracted with potassium chloride. The experiment used seeds and plug plants to create different plant communities on the bare chalk on Winklebury Hill and tested the resulting carbon and nutrient cycling rates and compared these to the characteristics of different plant functional groups. The experiment ran from 2013 to 2016 and this dataset contains data from 2014 only. This experiment was part of the Wessex BESS project, a six-year (2011-2017) project aimed at understanding how biodiversity underpins the ecosystem functions and services that landscapes provide. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/1e9cd575-66a0-4d7e-920c-4ce462efe5ce

Soil temperature was monitored at 5 soil sampling times and ambient air temperature was monitored at each site throughout the field season. The sampling sites were: Bare soil at higher elevations, namely Observation Bluff, Factory Bluffs, Jane Col and lower parts of Spindrift Col; Soils from below mosses on the Backslope and on Moss Braes. Soils from below higher plant species at Bernsten Point, Factory Bluffs, Moss Braes and North Point. Orthinogenic soils from around penguin colonies at Gourlay Peninsula, Spindrift Rocks and North Point and disturbed soil from around Signy Base.

This dataset consists of measurements of leaf and root growth, species abundance and soil temperature made in ten subarctic plant communities located at the Arctic Biosphere Atmosphere Coupling at Multiple Scales (ABACUS) project sites near to Abisko, Sweden, and Kevo, Finland. The data were collected during the summer growing seasons (May to September) in 2008 and 2009, and comprise field survey measurements, temperature logs and values derived from analyses of mini-rhizotron images. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/887a5e91-93be-4f5d-8674-b2d22a1ae8ae

The data resource comprises of two datasets. The first dataset comprises of fortnightly measurements soil respiration, soil temperature, soil moisture and photosynthetic activity. The second data set comprises of fortnightly measurements of rainfall, throughfall and water table depth. Data were collected from the climate change field site Climoor that is located in Clocaenog forest, Northeast Wales during 2015 and 2016. The experimental field site consists of three untreated control plots, three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season (March to September,) All measurements of this dataset have been carried out every fortnight if not indicated otherwise. Rainfall in millimetres (mm) was measured at the site using a ground-level rain gauge. Rain throughfall (in mm) was measured in each plot using a funnel-bottle construction to collect rain water in the plant canopy. Water table depth was measured for each plot using a measuring tape. Soil respiration and related soil temperature and soil moisture were measured in three areas of each plot. Soil respiration was measured in pre-installed opaque soil collars (20 centimetre diameter) that were installed in 1999. An infra-red gas analyser (EGM-4) was used. Photosynthetic active radiation was measured above the canopy while the soil respiration measurement was conducted. The measurements were carried out by different groups of CEH Bangor staff. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. Plot level soil respiration measurements are important to investigate soil carbon dynamics and changes in soil carbon cycling and storage under the imposed climatic treatments. More detailed information about the field site, measurements and related datasets can be found in the supporting documentation. Soil respiration data for 1999-2015 are available from https://doi.org/10.5285/4ed6f721-b23b-454e-b185-02ba54d551f0 Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/9df4ca6b-6c24-44f9-be25-0bd97ff9594e

[THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN]. This dataset contains daily and sub-daily hydrometeorological and soil observations from COSMOS-UK (cosmic-ray soil moisture) monitoring network from October 2013 to the end of 2018. These data are from 50 sites across the UK recording a range of hydrometeorological and soil variables. Each site in the network records the following hydrometeorological and soil data at 30 minute resolution: Radiation (short wave, long wave and net), precipitation, atmospheric pressure, air temperature, wind speed and direction, humidity, soil heat flux, and soil temperature and volumetric water content (VWC), measured by point senors at various depths. Each site hosts a cosmic-ray sensing probe; a novel sensor technology which counts fast neutrons in the surrounding atmosphere. In combination with the recorded hydrometeorological data, neutron counts are used to derive VWC over a field scale (COSMOS VWC), at two temporal resolutions (hourly and daily). The presence of snow leads to erroneously high measurements of COSMOS VWC due to all the extra water in the surrounding area. Included in the daily data are indications of snow days, on which, the COSMOS VWC are adjusted and the snow water equivalent (SWE) is given. The potential evapotranspiration (PE), derived from recorded hydrometeorological and soil are also included at daily resolution. Two levels of quality control are carried out, firstly data is run through a series of automated checks, such as range tests and spike tests, and then all data is manually inspected each week where any other faults are picked up, including sensor faults or connection issues. Quality control flags are provided for all recorded (30 minute) data, indicating the reason for any missing data. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/37702a54-b7a4-40ff-b62e-d14b161b69ca