Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica. An animated time series plot of 64 profiles of ice base and surface elevation along a flowline based on the mean flow direction. The flowline passes through a region of large elevation change that took place between 2014 and 2017. The work was funded by NERC projects NE/P011365/1 and NE/S006605/1

This dataset contains acoustic impedance misfits between measurements collected on Pine Island Glacier (Brisbourne et al., 2017) and predictions of the Viscous Grain-Shearing theory (Buckingham, 1997, 2000, 2005, 2007). The dataset is presented as netCDF files. The acoustic impedance predictions depend on the effective pressure, which is derived using various basal sliding laws. This link enables the comparison of basal sliding laws within a Bayesian model selection framework (Hank et al., 2025). The posterior probabilities (also included in this dataset) were determined by the authors to infer the most probable basal sliding law. This work was funded by the GHOST project, a component of the International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration (ITGC). Support from National Science Foundation (NSF: Grant PLR 1738934) and Natural Environment Research Council (NERC: Grant NE/S006672/1), with logistics provided by NSF-U.S. Antarctic Program and NERC-British Antarctic Survey.

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) was used to test glacier ice thickness/glacier bed detectability on debris-covered Himalayan glaciers at a range of frequencies in glacier long- and cross- profiles and at static points. The survey sites were of the Lirung and Langtang Glaciers in the Langtang National Park, Nepal, where debris cover thickness varied from centimetres to several metres. The radar used was the BAS DELORES dipole pulse radar system, operating at 5MHz, 10MHz, 20MHZ and 40MHz. Data were acquired as a stop-go survey at 2-4m intervals on partially snow-covered and entirely debris-covered glacier surfaces in temperatures close to freezing, with a diurnal freeze-thaw cycle. Funding was provided by the NERC grant NE/L013258/1.

Two maps of surface elevation change for Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica. Change is in metres between 2013-12-21 and 2017-07-11, and between 2017-07-11 and 2020-11-02. The work was funded by NERC projects NE/P011365/1 and NE/S006605/1.

A time series of surface elevation at a point on Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica. The point is on grounded ice and is upstream of a sub-shelf cavity on the west flank of the fast-moving core of Thwaites Glacier. There are a total of 88 points. First column = yyyy-mm-dd, second column = elevation in metres. The work was funded by NERC projects NE/P011365/1 and NE/S006605/1.

This dataset is a recording of passive seismic responses on Eastwind Glacier (Windless Bight, Ross Island, Antarctica), also containing 212 active-source seismic shots made with a hammer and plate source. The data are recorded using fibre optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), with a 2.2 km cable length connected into a FEBUS Optics A1 interrogator. The acquisitions take place over a two-hour period from 23:46 UTC on 2024-02-06, to 01:54 UTC on 2024-02-07. The acquisition is part of a broader campaign of seismic measurements to determine grounding line dynamics of Eastwind Glacier and image the bathymetry of the sub-shelf ocean cavity. The data were recorded as part of the ITGC TIME and EGGS ON TOAST projects, by a team from various UK and US institutions. The data are presented as HDF5 files. with supporting information provided in CSV files. NERC/NSF International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration: Thwaites Interdisciplinary Margin Evolution (TIME), NE/S00677X/1 and NSF #1739027. Interrogator loaned from the University of Leeds Fibre Optic Facility under agreement UOL-FOF-0004.

As part of the International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration (ITGC) ~4432 km of new radar depth sounding data was acquired over the Thwaites Glacier catchment by the British Antarctic Survey. Data was collected using the PASIN-2 polametric radar system, fitted on the BAS aerogeophysical equipped survey aircraft "VP-FBL". The survey operated from Lower Thwaites Glacier camp, and focused on collecting data in regions of ice >1.5 km thick between 70 and 180 km from the grounding line. Additional profiles from the coast to the Western Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) divide and over the eastern shear margin were also flown. Ice thicknesses between 418 and 3744 m were measured, with a minimum bed elevation of -2282 m imaged. Our Twin Otter aircraft was equipped with dual-frequency carrier-phase GPS for navigation, radar altimeter for surface mapping, wing-tip magnetometers, an iMAR strapdown gravity system, and a new ice-sounding radar system (PASIN-2). We present here the full radar dataset consisting of the deep-sounding chirp and shallow-sounding pulse-acquired data in their processed form, as well as the navigational information of each trace, the surface and bed elevation picks, ice thickness, and calculated absolute surface and bed elevations. This dataset comes primarily in the form of NetCDF and georeferenced SEGY files. To interactively engage with this newly-published dataset, we also created segmented quicklook PDF files of the radar data.

Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica. A time series of 156 profiles of ice surface elevation along a flowline based on the mean flow direction. The flowline passes through a region of large elevation change that took place between 2014 and 2017. The work was funded by NERC projects NE/P011365/1 and NE/S006605/1.

This dataset contains vertical GPS time series observed from selected sites in the southern Antarctic Peninsula. The dataset contains raw time series and time series corrected for the effect of elastic deformation - induced from the RACMO surface mass balance (SMB) model with a 5.5 km horizontal resolution (van Wessem et al. 2018). Hence there are two time series files for each of ten sites, presented as CSV files. There is a README file which details the content of the files. Offsets and outliers of the time series are documented in a structured ASCII text file called tsview.renames.smb. This work is supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) grant NE/R002029/1.

We can learn about the flow of ice in Antarctica by evaluating the key parameters that control the flow speed. These parameters include the basal drag coefficient and the ice viscosity. They can be estimated by adjusting their values so that model velocities at the upper surface agree with satellite observations. This dataset was produced using inverse methods to obtain the parameter values. In this approach a cost function that describes the mismatch between model and satellite data is minimised iteratively by making small adjustments to the parameters at each iteration to improve the fit. The result is better information about the flow field in the Antarctic ice sheet. Once the flow field is available it can be used as an initial state from which begin temporally evolving simulations using the model. A number of different examples are included to show how varying different parameters alters the temporally evolving simulations. The contributing datasets used to constrain the model are listed by Arthern et al (2015) and Arthern and Williams (2017). Multidecadal model simulations span up to 100 years of simulation time. This work was funded by NERC standard grant NE/L005212/1.