The Airborne Research & Survey Facility (ARSF, formerly Airborne Remote Sensing Facility) is managed by NERC Scientific Services and Programme Management. It provides the UK environmental science community, and other potential users, with the means to obtain remotely-sensed data in support of research, survey and monitoring programmes. The ARSF is a unique service providing environmental researchers, engineers and surveyors with synoptic analogue and digital imagery of high spatial and spectral resolution.The NEODC holds the entire archive of Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATM) and Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) data acquired by the NERC ARSF. High-resolution scanned digital versions of the entire collection of analogue photographs are now also available as well as selected LiDAR-derived elevation and terrain models for selected sites flown using the sensor.

The Airborne Research & Survey Facility (ARSF, formerly Airborne Remote Sensing Facility) is managed by NERC Scientific Services and Programme Management. It provides the UK environmental science community, and other potential users, with the means to obtain remotely-sensed data in support of research, survey and monitoring programmes. The ARSF is a unique service providing environmental researchers, engineers and surveyors with synoptic analogue and digital imagery of high spatial and spectral resolution.The NEODC holds the entire archive of Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATM) and Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) data acquired by the NERC ARSF. High-resolution scanned digital versions of the entire collection of analogue photographs are now also available as well as selected LiDAR-derived elevation and terrain models for selected sites flown using the sensor.

The Airborne Research & Survey Facility (ARSF, formerly Airborne Remote Sensing Facility) is managed by NERC Scientific Services and Programme Management. It provides the UK environmental science community, and other potential users, with the means to obtain remotely-sensed data in support of research, survey and monitoring programmes. The ARSF is a unique service providing environmental researchers, engineers and surveyors with synoptic analogue and digital imagery of high spatial and spectral resolution.The NEODC holds the entire archive of Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATM) and Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) data acquired by the NERC ARSF. High-resolution scanned digital versions of the entire collection of analogue photographs are now also available as well as selected LiDAR-derived elevation and terrain models for selected sites flown using the sensor.

The Soil Moisture CCI ACTIVE dataset is one of the three datasets created as part of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Soil Moisture Essential Climate Variable (ECV) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project. The product has been created by fusing scatterometer soil moisture products, derived from the instruments AMI-WS and ASCAT. PASSIVE and COMBINED products have also been created. The v06.1 ACTIVE product, provided as global daily images in NetCDF-4 classic file format, presents a global coverage of surface soil moisture at a spatial resolution of 0.25 degrees. It is provided in percent of saturation [%] and covers the period (yyyy-mm-dd) 1991-08-05 to 2020-12-31. For information regarding the theoretical and algorithmic base of the product, please see the Algorithm Theoretical Baseline Document. Additional reference documents and information relating to the dataset can also be found on the CCI Soil Moisture project website. The data set should be cited using the following references: 1. Gruber, A., Scanlon, T., van der Schalie, R., Wagner, W., and Dorigo, W. (2019). Evolution of the ESA CCI Soil Moisture climate data records and their underlying merging methodology, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 717–739, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-717-2019 2. Dorigo, W.A., Wagner, W., Albergel, C., Albrecht, F., Balsamo, G., Brocca, L., Chung, D., Ertl, M., Forkel, M., Gruber, A., Haas, E., Hamer, D. P. Hirschi, M., Ikonen, J., De Jeu, R. Kidd, R. Lahoz, W., Liu, Y.Y., Miralles, D., Lecomte, P. (2017). ESA CCI Soil Moisture for improved Earth system understanding: State-of-the art and future directions. In Remote Sensing of Environment, 2017, ISSN 0034-4257, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.07.001

This dataset contains the Gravimetric Mass Balance (GMB) gridded product for the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS), generated by TU Dresden as part of the ESA Antarctic Ice Sheet Climate Change Initiatve (Antarctic_Ice_Sheet_cci). The Gravimetric Mass Balance (GMB) product for the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) is based on monthly snapshots of the Earth’s gravity field provided by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and its follow-on satellite mission (GRACE-FO). The product relies on monthly gravity field solutions (L2) of release 06 generated at the Center for Space Research (University of Texas at Austin) and spans the period from April 2002 through July 2020. The GMB product covers the full GRACE mission period (April 2002 - June 2017) and is extended by means of GRACE-FO data starting from June 2018, thus including 187 monthly solutions. The mass change estimation is based on the tailored sensitivity kernel approach developed at TU Dresden. (Groh & Horwath, 2021) The GMB gridded product comprises time series of ice mass changes for cells of polar-stereographic grid with a sampling of 50x50 km² covering the entire AIS. A GMB basin product is also available as a separate dataset. Groh, A. & Horwath, M. (2021). Antarctic Ice Mass Change Products from GRACE/GRACE-FO Using Tailored Sensitivity Kernels. Remote Sens., 13(9), 1736. doi:10.3390/rs13091736

The Kinematic GPS (KGPS) data provide accurate high-resolution locational data of approximately 6400 km of roads in Great Britain using circular and/or linear transect data collected during two fieldwork campaigns (details below) carried out by the Landmap project team in order to validate the various Landmap image and elevation products. When processed, this data yields accurate 3-D coordinates that can be used for quality assessment purposes. Kinematic GPS is a technique used to enhance the precision of standard GPS, using a reference receiver of known location, such as a main road, to make corrections to the standard GPS-determined location yielding centimetre-level accuracy. The Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) funded Landmap service which ran from 2001 to July 2014 collected and hosted a large amount of earth observation data for the majority of the UK, part of which was buildings data. After removal of JISC funding in 2013, the Landmap service is no longer operational, with the data now held at the NEODC. Campaign 1 The first campaign, carried out in September 1999, required the kinematic GPS profiles for a number of pre-defined circular routes. This suited a 'Real-time Kinematic' (RTK-GPS) survey technique in which both GPS code pseudorange and carrier-phase measurements are recorded. This method is capable of yielding sub-decimetre accuracy over short baselines, generally less than 50 km. The observing schedule was such that the reference receiver was established at a location deemed to be the centroid of the day's route so that the baseline distances from the 'local' reference receiver to mobile receiver would be kept to a minimum preventing the accumulation of distance-dependent errors. The mobile receiver would then be driven along the predefined route recording satellite observations at a rate of 5 Hz. Once the route was completed, the local reference station team was picked up and the entire team prepared to observe the next scheduled loop. The mobile team covered almost 4,000 miles during the 14 days of the first campaign with the predefined circular routes representing some 2,800 miles (4,506km) of that total. Campaign 2 The second campaign which took place during May and June of 2000 was geared to a different set of objectives and therefore had an observing schedule different to that of the first campaign. There was a requirement to observe some long GPS profiles that would essentially span a number of satellite-pass strips / several stereo-pair strips permitting some checking of the strip matching procedures using orthorectification techniques. The establishment of a 'local' reference receiver station alongside each section of these proposed transects would have been too demanding in both time and logistics so an alternative processing approach was decided upon. The observing procedure was identical to that of the first campaign with the exception that the 'local' reference receiver remained in the same location for the duration of the campaign. A high-precision geodetic GPS receiver was established at a point of known co-ordinates at University College London where it collected GPS observations for the 9 days of this second campaign. The mobile receiver was driven along the required profiles recording data at a rate of 5Hz. The routes followed for this second campaign contained a number of features as requested by the SPOT processing team that would aid them in their orthorectification tasks. One particular request was that a number of crossovers should be performed at major junctions whereby a mile or two of additional observations were taken on the feeder roads for the junction in question. Such manoeuvres provide the processing / imaging team with a greater number of features to identity and refer to as part of their orthorectification quality assessment routines. The nature of the road network in some areas meant that several long stretches of road were retraced or intersected which allowed some error checking.

The ESA Ocean Colour CCI project has produced global, level 3, binned multi-sensor time-series of satellite ocean-colour data with a particular focus for use in climate studies. This dataset contains their Version 5.0 inherent optical properties (IOP) product (in mg/m3) on a sinusoidal projection at approximately 4 km spatial resolution and at a number of time resolutions (daily, 5-day, 8-day and monthly composites) covering the period 1997 - 2020. Note, the IOP data are also included in the 'All Products' dataset. The inherent optical properties (IOP) dataset consists of the total absorption and particle backscattering coefficients, and, additionally, the fraction of detrital & dissolved organic matter absorption and phytoplankton absorption. The total absorption (units m-1), the total backscattering (m-1), the absorption by detrital and coloured dissolved organic matter, the backscattering by particulate matter, and the absorption by phytoplankton share the same spatial resolution of ~4 km. The values of IOP are reported for the standard SeaWiFS wavelengths (412, 443, 490, 510, 555, 670nm). This data product is on a sinusoidal equal-area grid projection, matching the NASA standard level 3 binned projection. The default number of latitude rows is 4320, which results in a vertical bin cell size of approximately 4 km. The number of longitude columns varies according to the latitude, which permits the equal area property. Unlike the NASA format, where the bin cells that do not contain any data are omitted, the CCI format retains all cells and simply marks empty cells with a NetCDF fill value. (A separate dataset is also available for data on a geographic projection.) Please note, data from December 2020 onwards are affected by an anomaly discovered after production and resulting in a spurious jump in remote sensing reflectance. The anomaly has been corrected in the version 5.0.1 of the dataset available through the Copernicus Climate Change Service (https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.f85b319d) Version 6.0 of this data is now also available here: https://doi.org/10.5285/5011d22aae5a4671b0cbc7d05c56c4f0

The ESA Ocean Colour CCI project has produced global level 3 binned multi-sensor time-series of satellite ocean-colour data with a particular focus for use in climate studies. This dataset contains the Version 4.2 Kd490 attenuation coefficient (m-1) for downwelling irradiance product on a sinusoidal projection at approximately 4 km spatial resolution and at a number of time resolutions (daily, 5-day, 8-day and monthly composites). It is computed from the Ocean Colour CCI Version 4.2 inherent optical properties dataset at 490 nm and the solar zenith angle. Note, these data are also contained within the 'All Products' dataset. This data product is on a sinusoidal equal-area grid projection, matching the NASA standard level 3 binned projection. The default number of latitude rows is 4320, which results in a vertical bin cell size of approximately 4 km. The number of longitude columns varies according to the latitude, which permits the equal area property. Unlike the NASA format, where the bin cells that do not contain any data are omitted, the CCI format retains all cells and simply marks empty cells with a NetCDF fill value. (A separate dataset is also available for data on a geographic projection). Please note, this dataset has been superseded. Later versions of the data are now available.

The reflectance spectra of the spring barley of field Brockley, near Chilbolton was collected as part of the Network for Calibration and Validation of Earth Observation data (NCAVEO) 2006 Field Campaign. This dataset compromises the data which was collected on the 15th June. Measurements were also taken on the 18th at this location, the dataset record for which is available through linked documentation. Measurements were recorded using an ASD N4406 FieldSpec Pro, measurements having been taken at 5 flags within the field. After the exclusion of noisy bands, the spectra contains 1926 bands, covering the wavelengths 350-1354 nm, 1409-1811 nm and 1952-2496 nm. For further information on the processing of the raw data please see the dataset's metadata pdf in linked documentation. Please note that all raw spectra files collected during the NCAVEO campaign with ASD N4406 have incorrect dates. The laptop computer used with the ASD had the month accidently set to JULY instead of June. The DAY of month and TIME (UTC) are correct in all cases. All other files (FSF spreadsheets and Excel/ENVI summary outputs) are marked with the correct 15-18th June 2006 dates.

The Airborne Research & Survey Facility (ARSF, formerly Airborne Remote Sensing Facility) is managed by NERC Scientific Services and Programme Management. It provides the UK environmental science community, and other potential users, with the means to obtain remotely-sensed data in support of research, survey and monitoring programmes. The ARSF is a unique service providing environmental researchers, engineers and surveyors with synoptic analogue and digital imagery of high spatial and spectral resolution.The NEODC holds the entire archive of Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATM) and Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) data acquired by the NERC ARSF. High-resolution scanned digital versions of the entire collection of analogue photographs are now also available as well as selected LiDAR-derived elevation and terrain models for selected sites flown using the sensor.