This dataset contains air sample measurements of isotopic d13C methane. The measurements were collected using regular flask samples at Jersey Radar Station, UK. The samples were analysed Royal Holloway University of London using continuous flow gas chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (CF-GC/IRMS). These data were collected as part of the Methane Observations and Yearly Assessments (MOYA) project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) (NE/N016211/1).

The UK hourly weather observation data contain meteorological values measured on an hourly time scale. The measurements of the concrete state, wind speed and direction, cloud type and amount, visibility, and temperature were recorded by observation stations operated by the Met Office across the UK and transmitted within SYNOP, DLY3208, AWSHRLY and NCM messages. The sunshine duration measurements were transmitted in the HSUN3445 message. The data spans from 1875 to 2018. This version supersedes the previous version of this dataset and a change log is available in the archive, and in the linked documentation for this record, detailing the differences between this version and the previous version. The change logs detail new, replaced and removed data. For details on observing practice see the message type information in the MIDAS User Guide linked from this record and relevant sections for parameter types. This dataset is part of the Midas-open dataset collection made available by the Met Office under the UK Open Government Licence, containing only UK mainland land surface observations owned or operated by Met Office. It is a subset of the fuller, restricted Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) Land and Marine Surface Stations dataset, also available through the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis - see the related dataset section on this record. Note, METAR message types are not included in the Open version of this dataset. Those data may be accessed via the full MIDAS hourly weather data.

This dataset contains summary 3-year time-integrated data of the global mean volcanic stratospheric aerosol optical depth, effective radiative forcing and anomalous deposited sulfate on Antarctica and Greenland. The data are from 82 model simulations of volcanic eruptions that have different sulfur dioxide emissions, eruption latitudes and emission altitudes. Two ensembles were conducted for eruptions starting in January and July. Each simulation was run for ~3 years in a year 2000 timeslice condition. The simulations are from the Unified Model coupled with the United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosol Scheme (UM-UKCA) and were conducted at a global resolution of 1.875 ° x 1.25°. This data were collected as part of the NERC Reconciling Volcanic Forcing and Climate Records throughout the Last Millennium (Vol-Clim) project. V3 is the latest data file to use.

This dataset contains both the concentration of PM2.5 in ambient air sampled at a height of 8 metres and the concentration of elements found in the PM2.5 samples resulting from X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF) analysis. The PM2.5 samples were collected in the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China in August 2018 and January 2019. The data was collected to support the study of atmospheric chemistry and processes involving Silicon (Si) containing fine particles, which potentially contribute to atmospheric pollution. These data were collected as part of the Silicon-containing secondary organic aerosols in ambient air (Si-SOA) Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) funded project.

Data for Figure 3.10 from Chapter 3 of the Working Group I (WGI) Contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6). Figure 3.10 shows observed and simulated tropical mean temperature trends through the atmosphere. --------------------------------------------------- How to cite this dataset --------------------------------------------------- When citing this dataset, please include both the data citation below (under 'Citable as') and the following citation for the report component from which the figure originates: Eyring, V., N.P. Gillett, K.M. Achuta Rao, R. Barimalala, M. Barreiro Parrillo, N. Bellouin, C. Cassou, P.J. Durack, Y. Kosaka, S. McGregor, S. Min, O. Morgenstern, and Y. Sun, 2021: Human Influence on the Climate System. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 423–552, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.005. --------------------------------------------------- Figure subpanels --------------------------------------------------- The figure has three panels, with data provided for all panels in subdirectories named panel_a, panel_b and panel_c. --------------------------------------------------- List of data provided --------------------------------------------------- Temperature trend from radiosonde, reanalysis and CMIP6 data, including their uncertainty where available. CMIP6 is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. --------------------------------------------------- Data provided in relation to figure --------------------------------------------------- - panel_a/ipcc_ar6_chap3_fig_3_10_panel_a_with_metadata.csv - panel_b/ipcc_ar6_chap3_fig_3_10_panel_b_with_metadata.csv - panel_c/ipcc_ar6_chap3_fig_3_10_panel_c_with_metadata.csv Details of data provided in relation to each figure panel and its elements are described in the metadata associated with each file. --------------------------------------------------- Sources of additional information --------------------------------------------------- The following weblinks are provided in the Related Documents section of this catalogue record: - Link to the report component containing the figure (Chapter 3) - Link to the Supplementary Material for Chapter 3, which contains details on the input data used in Table 3.SM.1 - Link to the code for the figure, archived on Zenodo.

This dataset contains hourly averaged 4-pi filter radiometer measurements of the rate constant of NO2 photolysis, j(JNO2) from both downwelling radiation (direct and diffuse radiation from the above atmosphere) and upwelling (diffuse radiation from the atmosphere below). Data are reported in s^-1. Measurements made at Auchencorth Moss (55ᵒ47’36” N, 3°14’41” W), for more information see http://www.auchencorth.ceh.ac.uk/. The instrument was situated in a clear section of the site, 3 m above ground level. The surface cover consisted of long grasses (~15 cm), often covered by frost/snow in the winter months (December - February). Data were collected between 2018/11/21 12:00 - 2019/11/20 23:00, using a j(NO2) 4-pi filter radiometer manufactured by Meteorologie Consult GmbH (MetCon) measuring broadband actinic flux between ~310-420 nm. The instrument was operated and data were collected by staff at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. Most of the missing data are between 2019/06/13-25, due to the instrument being relocated for calibration. Other incidences of missing data occur due to power cuts at the site and problems with the data collection. This data comprises the start of a long-term time series of filter radiometer measurements at Auchencorth Moss, in order to provide data access to evaluate j-values in current radiation models and parameterisations. The ongoing operation of the j(NO2) filter radiometer is supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.

This dataset contains includes Organic aerosols, NO3, SO4, NH4 and Cl concentrations in ugm-3 measured with Compact Time of Flight Aerosol Mass Spectromete made during the Post-Monsoon periods of the APHH Delhi campaigns in 2018 at Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women (IGDTUW) site and India Meteorological Department site. Organic aerosol factors (HOA, LVOOA, BBOA, COA and SVOOA were identified using PMF factorization. The data were collected as part of the DelhiFlux project part of Air Pollution & Human Health in a Developing Indian Megacity (APHH-India) programme.

The UK daily temperature data contain maximum and minimum temperatures (air, grass and concrete slab) measured over a period of up to 24 hours. The measurements were recorded by observation stations operated by the Met Office across the UK and transmitted within NCM, DLY3208 or AWSDLY messages. The data span from 1853 to 2019. For details on measurement techniques, including calibration information and changes in measurements, see section 5.2 of the MIDAS User Guide linked to from this record. Soil temperature data may be found in the UK soil temperature datasets linked from this record. This version supersedes the previous version of this dataset and a change log is available in the archive, and in the linked documentation for this record, detailing the differences between this version and the previous version. The change logs detail new, replaced and removed data. Of particular note, however, is that as well as including data for 2019, historical data recovery has added temperature and weather data for Bude (1937-1958), Teignmouth (1912-1930), and Eskdalemuir (1915-1948). This dataset is part of the Midas-open dataset collection made available by the Met Office under the UK Open Government Licence, containing only UK mainland land surface observations owned or operated by the Met Office. It is a subset of the fuller, restricted Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) Land and Marine Surface Stations dataset, also available through the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis - see the related dataset section on this record. Currently this represents approximately 95% of available daily temperature observations within the full MIDAS collection.

The UK mean wind data contain the mean wind speed and direction, and the direction, speed and time of the maximum gust, all during 1 or more hours, ending at the stated time and date. The data were collected by observation stations operated by the Met Office across the UK and transmitted within the following message types: SYNOP, HCM, AWSHRLY, DLY3208, HWNDAUTO and HWND6910. The data spans from 1949 to 2018. This version supersedes the previous version of this dataset and a change log is available in the archive, and in the linked documentation for this record, detailing the differences between this version and the previous version. The change logs detail new, replaced and removed data. For further details on observing practice, including measurement accuracies for the message types, see relevant sections of the MIDAS User Guide linked from this record (e.g. section 3.3 details the wind network in the UK, section 5.5 covers wind measurements in general and section 4 details message type information). This dataset is part of the Midas-open dataset collection made available by the Met Office under the UK Open Government Licence, containing only UK mainland land surface observations owned or operated by the Met Office. It is a subset of the fuller, restricted Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) Land and Marine Surface Stations dataset, also available through the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis - see the related dataset section on this record.

This dataset contains tracks generated using a bespoke tracking algorithm developed within the BITMAP (Better understanding of Interregional Teleconnections for prediction in the Monsoon And Poles) project, identifying and linking upper-tropospheric vortices (described in Hunt et al, 2018, QJRMS - see linked documentation), using data derived from the ERA-Interim reanalysis data. Similar datasets were produced using various model output from the WCRP CMIP5 programme, available within the parent dataset collection. Western disturbances (WDs) are upper-level vortices that can significantly impact the weather over Pakistan and north India. This is a catalogue of the tracks of WDs passing through the region (specifically 20-36.5N, 60-80E) on the 450-300 hPa. This differs from those tracks from the CMIP5 data which were carried out on the 500 hPa layer. See linked documentation for details of the algorithms used. BITMAP was an Indo-UK-German project (NERC grant award NE/P006795/1) to develop better understanding of processes linking the Arctic and Asian monsoon, leading to better prospects for prediction on short, seasonal and decadal scales in both regions. Recent work had suggested that the pole-to-equator temperature difference is an essential ingredient driving variations in the monsoon. For further details on the project itself see the linked Project record.