This dataset presents daily data from temperature and soil moisture sensors in each experimental plot (n=9 plots). Soil temperature is measured at 5 cm and 20 cm soil depth (degrees Celsius), and soil moisture is measured as soil volumetric water content (m3 per m3). Data were collected from the climate change field site Climoor that is located in Clocaenog forest, NE Wales. The experimental field site consists of three untreated control plots (Plots 3, 6 and 9), three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours (Plots 1, 2 and 7) and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season (Plots 4, 5 and 8). Data is an extension for the micromet datasets 1998-2015, 2015-2016, 2016-2021 and 2022-2023 covering the time period January 2024 to December 2024. Soil temperatures are measured with a T107 sensor from Campbell scientific. Soil moisture is measured with CS616 sensors from Campbell scientific. Temperature and moisture data are logged in minute intervals and are averaged as half-hourly. The Climoor field experiment intents to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. The reported plot level temperature and soil moisture data are important to evaluate the effect of the imposed climatic treatments on ecosystem processes and functioning. Data collection, processing and quality checks were carried out by UKCEH staff. More detailed information about the field site, measurements and related datasets can be found in the documentation accompanying the data. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/21e8957f-48b2-4e29-8aa5-247cf060a59c

This dataset holds daily data from one automated weather station (AWS) located at the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. The data are on relative humidity (percent), air temperature (degrees Celsius), rainfall (millimetres), air pressure (millibars), net radiation (millivolts), solar radiation (kilowatts per square metre per second), photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), (micromol per square metre per second), wind speed (metres per second) and wind direction (degrees). Data is an extension for the AWS datasets 1999-2015, 2015-2016, 2016-2021, 2022-2023 and covering the time period January 2024 to December 2024. Data are logged in minute intervals, averaged to half-hourly. Data are sent from the field site to a UKCEH server. A working copy is created, quality assurance checks carried out and daily averages calculated from half-hourly records. Data which were not recorded are marked with “NA”, faulty data were replaced by “-9999”. Note, the rainfall sensor was broken during this time period, but the column is kept in the datafile for consistency with previous data records. Data collection, processing and quality checking was carried out by members of CEH and UKCEH staff. The following measures were taken with sensors from Campbell Scientific: Rainfall sums are measured with an ARG100 Tipping bucket, air pressure is measured with a CS100 Barometer. Further, Solar radiation and PAR are measured using a Skye SP1110 pyranometer and a SKP215 quantum sensor from Skye Instruments. Wind direction and speed were recorded using a windsonic 2D Ultrasonic Anemometer from Windsonic. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. The reported data are collected to monitor site specific environmental conditions and their development over time. These data are important to interpret results that are collected from the climate change manipulations imposed in the field. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/6b3b766f-4d04-4a41-b2a4-6ca2dd1ea23a

This dataset contains daily micro-meteorological data from the experimental plots at the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. It runs from 15/7/1999 until 30/06/2015, and contains air temperature (deg C), soil temperature (deg C) at two depths (5 and 20 cm) as well as soil moisture. The dataset has been quality checked, and incorrect or missing values removed, data has not been infilled. Climoor is a climate change manipulation experiment that utilises automated roof technology to produce drought and warming experimental treatments that reflect climate change predictions for the next 20-30 years. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/afb994e5-b33d-48b4-ad29-d374b1f9f3c8

This dataset contains daily micro-meteorological data from the experimental plots at the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. The data contain air temperature, (degrees celsius) soil temperature (degrees celsius) at 2 depths (5 and 20 centimetres) and soil moisture as metre cubed per metre cubed. The data run from 01/07/2015 until 31/08/2016. Data were recorded in minute intervals. Up to January 2016 the data were then averaged hourly, after January 2016 data were averaged half hourly. Data are then to averaged to daily values, which are reported here. The dataset has been quality checked, and incorrect or missing values removed, data has not been infilled. Climoor is a climate change manipulation experiment that utilises automated roof technology to produce drought and warming experimental treatments that reflect climate change predictions for the next 20 to 30 years. The reported plot level temperature and soil moisture data are important to evaluate the effect of the imposed climatic treatments on ecosystem processes and functioning. Data were not collected between 9th October 2015 and 3rd November 2015 due to problems with the sensors. Data collection, processing and quality checking were carried out by CEH Bangor staff members. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/54de61a1-8749-4851-a1c0-c71f9d483c7d

This dataset contains fuel moisture contents and flammability metrics for samples of common heather (Calluna vulgaris) collected across the United Kingdom between 15th April and 20th May 2023. A total of 830 samples were used to measure fuel moisture content (FMC), and 130 of these were also subjected to calorimetric analysis. FMC data were obtained gravimetrically by weighing samples before and after drying. Flammability data were obtained by micro-scale combustion calorimetry, which measures heat release related to flaming combustion of a fuel material. The flammability metrics recorded were the heat release capacity (HRC), peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), and temperature at maximum rate of decomposition (Tmax). These data will contribute to the development of models of fuel moisture variability in UK fuels, and thus refine inputs for fire behaviour modelling, which can inform land management strategies in relation to wildfire risk. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/64d340d7-8f19-49f9-90e0-83d4013e76c2

This dataset contains botanical data from 13 calcareous grassland, 13 heathland and 12 woodland sites within Dorset, UK. The sites were selected to represent a range of habitat types across a condition gradient as measured by levels of degradation from the original habitat. The original habitats were identified as being calcareous grassland, heathland or woodland from a survey conducted in the 1930s. Within heathland and calcareous grassland sites the percentage cover of all plant species were recorded within five 1m quadrat squares. Plants were recorded to species level where possible, or genus where species level was not possible. Covers of bare ground and litter were also recorded. Within woodlands plots, sampling was done slightly differently to enable recording of ground level plants and species within multiple canopy levels. Cover and presence of all herbaceous species were recorded in 2m quadrat squares, cover of tree seedlings (<1.5 m height) were recorded in 5m quadrat squares and ground-level cover of trunk of tree species if necessary were recorded in 10m quadrat squares. Heathland and calcareous grassland sites were visited in summer 2017 and woodland sites were visited in summer 2018. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/8a75395f-7858-40a2-8364-eb3482aeaad1

This data consist of measurements on soil microbial enzyme activity of six hydrolytic enzymes and related soil measurements from the experimental field sites at Clocaenog forest and Peaknaze. Samples were collected in 2012 from plots subjected to experimental drought and warming as well as untreated control plots. Soil cores were taken for the topsoil 0 to10 centimetres. Enzymes were measured at the climate change field site Climoor that is located in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales and the Peaknaze field site located in the Peak District. The experimental field sites each consist of three untreated control plots, three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours, and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season (March to September). Six hydrolytic soil microbial enzymes and one oxidase were extracted from the topsoil to test the effect of these enzymes that are involved in carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, under the imposed long-term climate change treatments. The hydrolytic enzymes were assayed using 4-methylumbelliferone (MUF) or 7-amino-4-methyl coumarin (AMC) linked-substrates, whereas the oxidase was extracted in pure water. All enzyme extracts were measured colorimetrically. The Clocaenog and Peaknaze field experiments intend to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. Plot level microbial related measurements are important to investigate ecosystem carbon dynamics and changes in the soil carbon under the imposed climatic treatments. Measurements were undertaken by trained members of staff at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/9bfa5e3b-dbf0-46fc-a5c4-7970b0d850a8

This dataset combines average daily temperature and soil moisture data from nine experimental plots at the climate change field site Climoor located in Clocaenog forest, NE Wales. Soil temperature is measured at 5 cm and 20 cm soil depth (degrees Celsius), and soil moisture is measured as soil volumetric water content (m3 per m3). The experimental field site consists of three untreated control plots (Plots 3, 6 and 9), three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours (Plots 1, 2 and 7) and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season (Plots 4, 5 and 8). Data is an extension of the micromet datasets covering 1998-2015 and 2015-2016; adding the time period September 2016 to December 2021. Soil temperatures were measured with T107 sensors, and soil moisture was measured with CS616 sensors, both from Campbell scientific. Temperature and moisture data were recorded in minute intervals, and automatically averaged as half-hourly by the data logger. Half-hourly data were automatically transferred to CEH/UKCEH servers using remote telemetry. Data which were not recorded are marked with “NA”, faulty data were replaced with “-9999”. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. The reported data are collected to monitor site specific environmental conditions and their development with time. These data are important to interpret results that are collected from the climate change manipulations imposed in the field. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/5d90d356-5b2c-4ce0-927a-e26efacff015

This dataset is a census of the heathland and associated vegetation from Dorset, UK. The Dorset heathlands are situated in South West England, and are generally associated with free-draining and acidic soils overlying Tertiary sands and gravels. The heathlands comprise a mosaic of different vegetation types, characterised by dwarf shrub communities dominated by members of the Ericaceae (e.g. Calluna vulgaris, Erica spp.), together with areas of mire, grassland, scrub and woodland. Unless they are managed heathlands undergo succession to scrub and woodland. Therefore the majority of heathland sites are currently under some form of conservation management, which is implemented to reduce succession to scrub and woodland. Management interventions include cutting and burning of vegetation, and grazing by livestock. Individual heathland patches are also managed for ecosystem services, such as recreation and timber production, as well as biodiversity conservation. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/4c347ec4-0beb-4355-9780-89dad718b2f3

This dataset holds daily data from one automated weather station (AWS) located at the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. The data are on relative humidity (percent), air temperature (degrees Celsius), rainfall (millimetres), air pressure (millibars), net radiation (millivolts), solar radiation (kilowatts per square metre per second), photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), (micromol per square metre per second), wind speed (metres per second) and wind direction (degrees). Data is an extension of the daily AWS datasets for 1999-2015 and 2015-2016, for the time period September 2016 to December 2021. Data were recorded in minute intervals, averaged to half-hourly, then to daily means which are reported here. Data which were not recorded are marked with “NA”, faulty data were replaced with “-9999”. Data collection, processing and quality checking was carried out by members of CEH and UKCEH staff. The following measures were taken with sensors from Campbell Scientific: Rainfall sums are measured with an ARG100 Tipping bucket, air pressure is measured with a CS100 Barometer. Further, Solar radiation and PAR are measured using a Skye SP1110 pyranometer and a SKP215 quantum sensor from Skye Instruments. Wind direction and speed were recorded using a windsonic 2D Ultrasonic Anemometer from Windsonic. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. The reported data are collected to monitor site specific environmental conditions and their development over time. These data are important to interpret results that are collected from the climate change manipulations imposed in the field. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/0ebfc33b-0da2-4329-aac7-69ed8925b979