This dataset provides information on the annual abundance and diversity of diatoms preserved in ice layers from a Jurassic ice core that was drilled in 2012 from the Southern West Antarctic Peninsula. The diatom record spans the entire depth of the ice core (0-140 meters) and represents the interval from 1873 to 2012 CE. Meltwater from the annual layers of the ice core was filtered, and the filters were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope for the identification and classification of diatoms. This dataset was utilized to reconstruct past changes in the westerly winds of the Southern Hemisphere, with the results presented in Tetzner et al. (2025). Funding: This research was funded by CONICYT-Becas Chile and Cambridge Trust funding programme for PhD studies under grant number 72180432.

This dataset presents the microparticle (dust, diatoms, pollen and spores), stable water isotope, liquid electrical conductivity and major ion concentrations from the first ice core drilled from Cordillera Darwin, Chile (2017-2020 CE). These records were presented in Tetzner et al. (2025) to assess the preservation of local-to-regional environmental information in the firn. Results obtained from the analysis of this dataset highlighted the potential of high elevation sites in the Cordillera Darwin Icefield to hold valuable paleoenvironmental records directly from the core of the Southern Hemisphere Westerly wind belt. This dataset was created with the support of the Dieter R Tetzner''s National Geographic Early Career Grant 2019.

This dataset contains geochemistry measurements and fossil diatom data from a sediment core retrieved from Isla Hornos, in the Cape Horn Archipelago (''''IHL'''''', -55.97 S, -67.28 W, 156 m asl). The dataset consists of diatom relative frequencies, ITRAX scanning XRF counts, ICP-MS and ICP-OES elemental composition, C percent, N percent, S percent, TEX-86-based lakewater temperature reconstructions and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Ages of the sediment samples were assigned based on an age depth model derived from 14C measurements and span the last c. 11,000 years. Funding: This project was funded by UK Natural Environment Research Council Grant NE/K004514/1 to DAH. The research was carried out under permits from Corporacion Nacional Forestal Region de Magallanes y Antartica Chilena and Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Direccion de Fronteras y Limites del Estado.