This dataset includes capture data for insectivorous bats captured with harp traps in Sabah, Malaysia, and dietary metabarcoding data. The dietary data was generated through obtaining bat faeces, extracting the DNA, amplifying it using ZBJ-ArtF1c ZBJ-ArtR2c primers, and then sequencing it on an illumina miseq. Code to aid interpreting the data can be found at https://doi.org/10.17636/01044623 This data was collected as part of the NERC-funded LOMBOK HMTF project, also using a small grant from Bat Conservation International. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/8b106445-d8e0-482c-b517-5a372a09dc91

This dataset contains the results from a metabarcoding study of terrestrial leech blood meals to detect differences in the diets of two leech species, Haemadipsa picta and Haemadipsa sumatrana. Mammal taxa were identified using metabarcoding of 16s rRNA and comparisons of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) to a curated reference database from NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) GenBank. All leeches were collected from the Stability of Altered Forest Ecosystems project (SAFE; www.SAFEproject.net) as part of the NERC Human Modified tropical Forest Programme and the LOMBOK consortia (Land-use Options for Maintaining BiOdiversity & eKosystem functions). Leech samples were collected at different sites across a habitat gradient, to assess these invertebrates as molecular sampling tools for mammals. Individuals were pooled before amplicon sequencing with Illumina MiSeq 150-200bp x2. The resultant raw sequences were filtered and clustered at 97%, curated and then assigned to the reference database using BLAST and MEGAN programmes. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/3affed0d-fe6f-4916-89e3-e672639191e5

Data are presented for Above ground Carbon Density (ACD) estimated from a series of forest census surveys which took place from 1992 – 2016 in a mixture of logged and unlogged tropical lowland dipterocarp forest in the Ulu Segama Forest Reserve (USFR) and Danum Valley Conservation Area (DVCA), Sabah, Malaysia. Additional data on logging method, coupe and year of logging is also presented. The USFR comprises of forested land divided into coupes that were each logged once, between 1972 and 1993 using either ‘tractor’ or ‘high-lead’ methods. Between 1993 and 2004, forest restoration treatments were carried out, including climber cutting and tree planting, annually across logging coupes within the USFR. The data-set was compiled from census carried out in three independent plot networks. The first led by researchers from the Universities of Dundee, Aberdeen and Nottingham. The second led by researchers from the University of Aberdeen. The third through the INnoprise FAce PROject INFAPRO project. Between 1992 and 2016 a forest census survey was carried out on at least two occasions in 553 forest plots to determine the rate of ACD accumulation and understand the impact of forest restoration treatments on ACD accumulation. Tree stem diameter, height and identity measurements at each plot were collected by project members and research assistants employed by the SouthEast Asian Rainforest Research Partnership (SEARRP). The ACD carbon estimation and modelling was led by researchers from the Universities of Dundee, ETH Zurich and Aberdeen. The data were compiled and submitted by researchers from the University of Dundee and ETH Zurich. Funding for the establishment of the original plot networks was provided by the EU-funded INDFORSUS project (ER-BIC18T960102), from New England Electric Systems, National Geographic Society and the Garden Club of America, and from Face the Future Foundation. Funding for the repeated measurements was provided by the NERC ‘Spatio-TEmporal Dynamics of Forest Response to ENSO Drought (STEED)’ (NERC grant reference NE/P004806/1) and the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland funded project ‘Changing species diversity and biomass accumulation in conserved and regenerating tropical forests: two decades on’. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/a75e6371-a931-4676-9199-d1f5af565ab2

This data represents a survey of all the large trees in permanent forest plots in Danum Valley and Sepilok Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia to determine whether they were dead or alive in 2019. The data consist of individual tree ids, which can be linked back to the plot inventory data, status and some details about the mode of death. Additional data for Danum Valley is available through the ForestGEO portal. Additional data for Sepilok reserve is available through forestplots website. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/cfbf27e7-44ce-404c-ab0a-0b079b18fd4f

This dataset includes values of 15 traits (total dry mass; root length to shoot length ratio; leaf mass fraction; root mass fraction; shoot mass fraction; leaf thickness; leaf force to punch; leaf area to shoot area ratio; leaf concentrations of N, P, K, Ca and Mg; leaf N: P concentration ratio; specific maximum root length) measured in February 2020 on 394 seedlings of 15 woody plant species growing in logged in the Ulu Segama Forest Reserve or unlogged forest in the Danum Valley Conservation Area, Malaysia. The purpose of this data collection was to determine whether the expression of plant functional traits differed between tree seedlings recruited into logged and unlogged forests. This information is important for understanding the drivers of variation in seedling growth and survival in response to logging disturbance, and to uncover the mechanisms giving rise to differentiation in tree seedling composition in response to logging. These data were collected as part of NERC project “Seeing the fruit for the trees in Borneo: responding to an unpredictable community-level fruiting event” (NE/T006560/1). Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/e738e8af-554a-4940-bb56-267c7377d74d

This dataset details information collected from smallholder oil palm farms in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Including: management practices, oil palm fruit yield, understorey vegetation, and soil chemical properties (SOC, total N, total P and available P). We collected data between August to November 2019 from 40 smallholdings (defined as farms < 50 ha) across six governance areas in Sabah. We used responses from face-to-face questionnaires to collect information about their management practices, including Best Management Practices (BMPs), and reported Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) yields. We also carried out field surveys on these farms to quantify vegetation cover and soil chemical properties. All smallholder farms had mature fruiting trees i.e. > 8 years since planting. The project received ethical approval from the Biology Ethics Committee, University of York (Ref. SGA201906), and permission from the Sabah Biodiversity Council (Ref. JKM/MBS.1000-2/2 JLD.8), Danum Valley Management Committee (Ref. YS/DVMC/2019/27), and South East Asia Rainforest Research Partnership (project number 18033) for permission to conduct our research in Sabah, Malaysia. This work was funded by the NERC iCASE studentship (NE/R007624/1) and Proforest. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/38487932-b32a-4b15-9fda-ea812c463466

This dataset includes records of counts at four censuses between September 2019 and February 2021 of the number of seedlings of woody plants identified to species (or morphospecies) on a total of 207 plots located in either logged forest in the Ulu Segama Forest Reserve or unlogged forest in the Danum Valley Conservation Area, Malaysia. These data were collected as part of NERC project “Seeing the fruit for the trees in Borneo: responding to an unpredictable community-level fruiting event” (NE/T006560/1). Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/c1813d0d-193f-4f23-82c6-333d5d099b42

This data set contains stacked detection matrices for 28 recorded mammal species across 115 sampling locations at the Stability of Altered Forest Ecosystems (SAFE) project site located in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Information for each camera trap sampling location, including spatial information and sampling effort is included. Data were collected in order to determine the contribution of carbon-based policies to biodiversity conservation in agricultural land-use mosaics. These data are essential to the development of the occupancy detection matrix. Data were collected in 2015 during a project which was included in the NERC Human-modified tropical forest (HMTF) Programme. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/62774180-ae72-4873-9482-e8be3935f533

This data set provides above-ground carbon density derived from LiDAR data over oil palm plantations in the Stability of Altered Forest Ecosystems (SAFE) project site located in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo in 2014. This includes the number of trees in plots and the average forest canopy per hectare at different heights. Data were collected during a project which was included in the NERC Human-modified tropical forest (HMTF) Programme. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/6e18121c-2184-49df-a852-f3227c28d82f

Temperatures recorded 5cm above the forest floor in a gridded design (1 to 13m distance) within three, 1 hectare forest plots in Sabah, Borneo. The dataset also includes air temperature data from a nearby weather station at the same temporal resolution, and spatially-interpolated measurements of topography and canopy structure in each forest plot at a 1m resolution. iButton temperature measurement 5cm above the forest floor in gridded design (1-13m distance) within three 1-ha forest plots in Sabah, Borneo. Measurements were taken at 20 minute intervals over one continuous month (November 2015). Dataset also includes nearby weather station air temperature data at identical temporal resolution, as well as spatially-interpolated (1-m) measurements of topography and canopy structure in each forest plot. Output of BALI project (NERC funded Human-modified Tropical Forest Programme). Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/17501db1-7a2b-4f4b-8965-f309d2d1c557