3D digital elevation models of Tsho Rolpa glacier lake, Nepal, generated from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery, with a spatial resolution of 10 centimetres. It is combined with bathymetry data so that both the lakebed elevation (DTM) and the lake surface elevation (DSM) are obtained. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/8e483692-3b65-41d2-a7fd-5a3cd589a71c

The data consists of identified exposed objects subject to flooding risk from the Tsho Rolpa Lake. The Tsho Rolpa Lake is the largest moraine-dammed proglacial lake in Nepal and was identified as one of the country’s most dangerous glacier lakes with a high possibility of outburst. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/3834d477-7a1d-4ad3-8a41-d38fc727dbd8

The data contains location and x,y,z accelerometer readings from trackers embedded into 23 boulders in the upper Bhote Koshi catchment, Nepal before the 2019 monsoon season. The data was transmitted in real time via a long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN®) gateway to a server. The data presented cover the period May 2019 to October 2019. The data from this study was used to demonstrate how cost-effective technology can be used to monitor boulder movement in hazard-prone sites, and to show the potential for active sensors connected through a long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN®) to be used in an early warning system in the future. Data was collected by the data authors. This was carried out as part the BOULDER: Accounting for BOUlders in Landslide-flood Disaster Evaluation and Resilience project, funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Award reference NE/S005951/1 Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/93518ac3-4ded-47fa-b260-38184c09dfc8

This dataset contains maximum water depth and maximum water velocity for 12 different Glacial Lake outburst floods (GLOFs) scenarios of the Tsho Rolpa Lake, Nepal. Also included is the water depth of dam breach flow and discharge of dam breach flow under each scenario. The GLOFs scenarios were created using a simple dam breach model. A high-performance hydrodynamic model was then used to simulate the resulting flood hydrodynamics. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/f4292d99-de93-4a28-a821-b2a6a826df4c

The database includes the classification of 966 active nitrogen-relevant policies from South Asia (including Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, the Maldives and Sri Lanka). The collection during 2020 and 2021 focuses on national level policies; some subnational policies were also collected. Data collection involved building on an existing open access global database developed by Kanter et al., 2020 that contained 51 policies for South Asia established to 2017 sourced by the environmental law ECOLEX database. Further policies were collected mostly from online sources: such as international policy databases: FAOLEX and national government and ministry websites. A protocol for policy collection and classification was established and followed to ensure consistent and thorough collections across the eight countries. Policies were classified according to a variety of parameters including the sink (air, water etc.) and sector (agriculture, industry etc.) they address and by type of policy. Policies were clustered if they had a central node policy in place and if a ‘subordinate policy’ (including amendments) did not offer anything new in terms of content related to Nitrogen management. This data was collected as part of a collective partnership that brings together leading organisations from across South Asia and the UK to reduce the adverse global impacts of nitrogen pollution on the environment, health, and wellbeing. More specifically providing a resource for both SANH partners and the wider scientific and policy community to understand the nitrogen policy landscape in the south Asian region. Furthermore, this research contributes to efforts in building a nitrogen policy arena promoting sustainable management of nitrogen, mitigating adverse effects. The dataset provides a thorough overview of available nitrogen related policies in South Asia but does not provide a complete set of all the nitrogen relevant policies available in each country. In some cases, this was due to our dependency on policy availability online, and some websites were not maintained. In addition, we excluded policies established post 2020 to avoid policy responses to COVID19 and to align more closely with the original global study. Repealed policies were omitted from the database. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/e2f248d5-79a1-4af9-bdd4-f739fb12ce9a

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) was used to test glacier ice thickness/glacier bed detectability on debris-covered Himalayan glaciers at a range of frequencies in glacier long- and cross- profiles and at static points. The survey sites were of the Lirung and Langtang Glaciers in the Langtang National Park, Nepal, where debris cover thickness varied from centimetres to several metres. The radar used was the BAS DELORES dipole pulse radar system, operating at 5MHz, 10MHz, 20MHZ and 40MHz. Data were acquired as a stop-go survey at 2-4m intervals on partially snow-covered and entirely debris-covered glacier surfaces in temperatures close to freezing, with a diurnal freeze-thaw cycle. Funding was provided by the NERC grant NE/L013258/1.

This dataset holds survey data of individual farming households in the Terai region in Nepal relating to their nitrogen use. The survey was conducted in 2022 and the questions covered two seasons (summer and winter) asked at a single visit in the summer season. The questions on the winter season were based on recall. The data cover the following topics: household characteristics, general farm characteristics, plot characteristics, crop production and harvest, synthetic and organic fertilizer use and compost production, labour, irrigation, pesticides, livestock, information sources, drivers of and barriers to adoption of sustainable practices, attitude, behaviour, perception and opinion, household expenditure and income, household asset and wealth, subsidies. The data were collected primarily to assess differences in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and sustainable nitrogen practices between households. The data also aim to enhance understanding of farmers’ attitudes, opinion and decision making affecting NUE in crop production and farm related factors which enable adoption of sustainable practices. The data are part of a wider SANH (South Asian Nitrogen Hub) harmonised household survey covering Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/3b7a3e0b-48e5-4395-b4c6-79bb43ae31e3

This is a transdisciplinary dataset from ten smallholder farming villages in Patarasi Rural Municipality, Jumla District, Nepal collected during 2021 and 2022. The human component of the dataset includes fortnightly 24-hour dietary recall surveys and monthly anthropometry surveys of 721 participants (adult males, adult females, adolescent girls and children under five) from 200 smallholder households collected over a twelve-month period. For each household, there is also data on socioeconomic status, farming practices, cooking practices and beekeeping practices. The ecological component of the dataset includes plant-pollinator interaction data and flowering phenology data from the same ten farming villages as well as the results of a pollinator exclusion field experiment in fifteen replicate sites along an altitudinal gradient in this region. Taken together, these datasets enable us to understand more about: a) people’s diets, nutritional status and socioeconomic status in rural Nepal; b) which crops provide their nutrients and how these crops are grown; c) which insects pollinate these crops, and; d) how climate change is likely to impact the system. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/d7434d83-c30d-4186-aab0-9764821cd807

This dataset contains barium concentration and stable isotope ratio measurements of the adsorbed and dissolved phases associated with batch laboratory adsorption-desorption reactions using common environmental mineral adsorbents (clay minerals: kaolinite & montmorillonite, iron-oxyhydroxides: goethite and ferrihydrite) and surface waters (river water, groundwater and seawater). The experiments systematically changed several variables (reaction duration, adsorbent concentration, water type and the pre-experiment adsorbent cleaning procedure). Barium concentration and stable isotope ratio measurements of the adsorbed and dissolved phases from two Himalayan rivers (Saptakoshi River and Sunkoshi River) are also provided. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/cfa9abd4-1200-47b6-9553-aa1b6e4d9ffd