Numerical climate output from the VOLC experiment run of the HadCM3 climate model as part of the NERC funded Euroclim500 project: Causes of change in European mean and extreme climate over the past 500 years. These data were produced by Andrew Schurer, Mike Mineter and Simon Tett using the HadCM3 climate model on the HECTOR supercomputer at the University of Edinburgh. This dataset includes data from ensembles r1 to r3. All ensembles were run utilising the Volcs forcing throughout the simulation and with constant forcing set for the following additional forcings (bracketed dates indicate the year of constant forcing): Solar (1400), GHGs (1400), LUSE (1400), O3 (Pre-industrial levels) and Orb (1400). The data are available in CF-netCDF to all registered users under the UK Government Open Data License.

Numerical climate output from the DRIFT experiment run of the HadCM3 climate model as part of the NERC funded Euroclim500 project: Causes of change in European mean and extreme climate over the past 500 years. These data were produced by Andrew Schurer, Mike Mineter and Simon Tett using the HadCM3 climate model on the HECTOR supercomputer at the University of Edinburgh. This dataset includes data from the r1 ensemble run with the following constant forcing set (bracketed dates indicate the year or range of constant forcing): Solar (850), Volcs (800-850), GHGs (800-850), LUSE (825), O3 (pre-industrial) and Orb (825). The data are available in CF-netCDF to all registered users under the UK Government Open Data License.

Numerical climate output from the ALL experiment run of the HadCM3 climate model as part of the NERC funded Euroclim500 project: Causes of change in European mean and extreme climate over the past 500 years. These data were produced by Andrew Schurer, Mike Mineter and Simon Tett using the HadCM3 climate model on the HECTOR supercomputer at the University of Edinburgh. This dataset includes data from 4 ensembles, r1 to r4. r1 spans 800 to 2000 while ensembles r2 to r4 span 1400 to 2000. All ensembles were run utilising all the available forcings in operation: Solar, Volcs, GHGs, LUSE, AER (fixed at 1820), O3 and Orb. The data are available in CF-netCDF to all registered users under the UK Government Open Data License.

Numerical climate output from the NoAER experiment run of the HadCM3 climate model as part of the NERC funded Euroclim500 project: Causes of change in European mean and extreme climate over the past 500 years. These data were produced by Andrew Schurer, Mike Mineter and Simon Tett using the HadCM3 climate model on the HECTOR supercomputer at the University of Edinburgh. This dataset includes data from 4 ensembles, r1 to r4. All ensembles ran with Solar, Volcs, GHGs, LUSE, 03 and Orb forcings. The data are available in CF-netCDF to all registered users under the UK Government Open Data License.

Numerical climate output from the SOLAR experiment run of the HadCM3 climate model as part of the NERC funded Euroclim500 project: Causes of change in European mean and extreme climate over the past 500 years. These data were produced by Andrew Schurer, Mike Mineter and Simon Tett using the HadCM3 climate model on the HECTOR supercomputer at the University of Edinburgh. This dataset includes data from 4 ensembles, r1 to r4. All ensembles ran with the following constant forcing set (bracketed dates indicate the year or range of constant forcing): Solar, GHGs (1400), LUSE (1400), O3 (pre-industrial) and Orb (1400). The data are available in CF-netCDF to all registered users under the UK Government Open Data License.

Numerical climate output from the GHG experiment run of the HadCM3 climate model as part of the NERC funded Euroclim500 project: Causes of change in European mean and extreme climate over the past 500 years. These data were produced by Andrew Schurer, Mike Mineter and Simon Tett using the HadCM3 climate model on the HECTOR supercomputer at the University of Edinburgh. This dataset includes data from 4 ensembles, r1 to r4. All ensembles ran with the following constant forcing set (bracketed dates indicate the year or range of constant forcing): Solar (1400), LUSE (1400), O3 (pre-industrial levels) and Orb (1400). The data are available in CF-netCDF to all registered users under the UK Government Open Data License.

Numerical climate output from the SOLARSHAPIRO experiment run of the HadCM3 climate model as part of the NERC funded Euroclim500 project: Causes of change in European mean and extreme climate over the past 500 years. These data were produced by Andrew Schurer, Mike Mineter and Simon Tett using the HadCM3 climate model on the HECTOR supercomputer at the University of Edinburgh. This dataset includes data from r1 ensemble only. This utilising the Shapiro solar forcing in place of the standard Steinhilber/Wang solar forcing throughout the simulation and with constant forcing set for the following additional forcings (bracketed dates indicate the year or range of constant forcing): Volcs (800-850), GHGs (800-850), LUSE (825), O3 (Pre-industrial levels) and Orb (825). The data are available in CF-netCDF to all registered users under the UK Government Open Data License.

Numerical climate output from the NoLUSE experiment run of the HadCM3 climate model as part of the NERC funded Euroclim500 project: Causes of change in European mean and extreme climate over the past 500 years. These data were produced by Andrew Schurer, Mike Mineter and Simon Tett using the HadCM3 climate model on the HECTOR supercomputer at the University of Edinburgh. This dataset includes data from 4 ensembles, r1 to r4. All ensembles ran with Solar, Volcs, GHGs, O3 and Orb forcings, the LUSE forcing set at 1400 levels and AER from 1820 onwards. The data are available in CF-netCDF to all registered users under the UK Government Open Data License.

The Marine Isotopic Stage 3 (MIS 3 - between 27.8 - 59.4 thousand of years before present, hereafter ka) was characterised by millennial-scale climate fluctuations, also known as Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) oscillations. During D-O events, atmospheric and oceanic conditions alternated between warm interstadial (of up to 10-16 degrees C increase in air temperatures over Greenland) and cold stadial states (Dansgaard et al., 1993; Huber et al., 2006; Kindler et al., 2014). This dataset contains model outputs for four MIS 3 simulations run with the Bristol version of the Hadley Centre Coupled Model3 (HadCM3b). The model outputs are presented as netCDF files and contain the following variables: surface temperature, ocean temperature, Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), sea ice concentration, salinity and mixed layer depth.. The four simulations show D-O like behaviour, spontaneous D-O type oscillations. This work was funded by the European Union''s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 820970.

WCRP CMIP5: Met Office Hadley Centre (MOHC) HadCM3 model output for the historical experiment. These data cover the following realm: atmos; at the following frequency: day. The runs included the ensemble members: r10i1p1, r1i1p1, r2i1p1, r3i1p1, r4i1p1, r5i1p1, r6i1p1, r7i1p1, r8i1p1 and r9i1p1. The WCRP Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (CMIP5), was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the World Climate Research Program (WCRP) and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 5th Assessment Report (AR5).