This dataset comprises U-Pb zircon geochronology data from six rock samples from the sub-Antarctic Island of South Georgia. The data were collected in the interval November 2023 to March 2024 at the University College London. The U-Pb analyses were conducted on six granitoid samples from across South Georgia to examine the age of magmatism and how they correlate with magmatism from the northern Antarctic Peninsula and southern South America. This project was funded by NERC National Capability funding to the British Antarctic Survey's Paleo Environments, Ice Sheets and Climate Change team.

Several populations of Northern (Macronectes halli) and Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) at South Georgia have been monitored since 2014. Three colonies of Northern Giant Petrel are monitored at Greene Peninsula, Discovery Point and Maiviken, and two of Southern Giant Petrel at Greene Peninsula and Harpon Bay. Summary data on breeding numbers and productivity for each season and colony are available, based on data from individual nests.

This record comprises nine datasets related to the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (SGSSI) Marine Protected Area (MPA) review undertaken in 2019. The SGSSI MPA is one of the world's largest MPAs, and the 2019 review led to a significant extension of the MPA area to cover all of the SGSSI Maritime Zone totalling 1.24 million km2. Details of the new measures can be found within the legislation (SG Gazette No 1. Dated 31 January 2019: https://laws.gov.gs/gazettes), and the datasets here relate directly to these measures. The following datasets are published here, for which further information can be found in the legislation linked above: -The boundary of the SGSSI MPA/Maritime Zone -No Take Zones for South Georgia -No Take Zones for Clerke and Shag rocks -No Take Zones for South Sandwich Islands -No Take Zones for South Sandwich Islands trench -No Take Zones for South of 60degS -Benthic Closed Areas -Pelagic Closed Areas -Heavy Fuel Oil Prohibition line The datasets are available as shapefiles. This work has been funded directly by the Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.

This record comprises six datasets related to the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (SGSSI) Marine Protected Area (MPA) review undertaken in 2025. The SGSSI MPA is one of the world's largest MPAs, and in April 2025 the area of the MPA in which fishing is prohibited was greatly expanded following the second five-year MPA review in 2024. Details of the new measures can be found within the latest legislation (SGSSI Gazette No 2 dated 22 April 2025: https://laws.gov.gs/gazettes/), and the datasets here relate directly to the areas and boundaries referred to in these measures. These datasets are: -The boundary of the SGSSI MPA -No Take Zones -General Benthic Closed Areas -Research Benthic Closed Areas -Pelagic Closed Areas -General Fisheries Zones The datasets are available as shapefiles. This work has been funded directly by the Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands with additional financial support from the UK Government Blue Belt programme.

Platform Transmitting Terminal (PTT) tags have been used to track Macaroni Penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus), Gentoo Penguins (Pygoscelis papua) and King Penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) from South Georgia since 2004. PTT tags use the ARGOS satellite system to collect geospatial data. These tags are deployed on a project-by-project basis and so data are not available for every year. Included in the dataset is data from females recorded during long, post-laying foraging periods as well as from fledged birds.

List of fish species identified and cross-referenced by an integrative taxonomy analysis. Specimens were identified to the lowest taxonomic level using morphological features. A sub-sample of small muscle tissue from each individual was taken for DNA extraction and amplification of two mitochondrial genes, cox1 and the non-coding control region (CR). Special attention was given to larval and juvenile specimens. Samples were collected by fishery observers on board krill fishing vessels for the winter seasons between 2019 and 2024. Extra samples collected before 2019 were obtained from the biological archives at BAS including muscle and fin tissue as well as otolith samples spanning from 1988 through 2022. All samples were measured and photographed prior to be subsampled for DNA. Most samples were blast-freeze and stored at -20 degrees C or fixed in 90% ethanol. Tissue samples were stored in 90-95% ethanol and kept at -20 degrees C. Data resources from this project were used to developed enhanced identification guides for larval and adult fish species caught as bycatch within the Antarctic krill fishery. This is a Darwin plus initiative awarded to Philip, R. Hollyman under round 10 funding scheme, project reference DPLUS166.

This dataset contains atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide concentration data in the Southern Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean, and dissolved methane concentration data from surface and water column seawater samples in the Scotia Sea, Weddell Sea, and South Georgia shelf taken onboard RRS Discovery during DY158 from December 2022 and January 2023. Atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide concentration was measured using a Los Gatos Ultraportable Greenhouse Gas Analyser (UGGA) G2311-f. The concentrations are 2 hour averaged and have been filtered based on wind direction to data corresponding to wind coming from behind the ship to remove sources of pollution from the ship stack. Surface seawater samples were taken either using the uncontaminated seawater system or from the surface sample from a CTD (Conductivity-Depth-Temperature) cast. Water column seawater samples were taken from a CTD with Niskin bottle rosette-casts at various depths spanning from the sea surface to the seafloor. The dissolved methane concentration in each seawater sample is measured using gas chromatography. Funding source: This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council and the ARIES Doctoral Training Partnership (grant no. NE/S007334/1). The fieldwork was supported by the Collaborative Antarctic Science Scheme (CASS).

This dataset contains sea-air methane flux data from January 2019 to March 2021 measured using a Picarro G2311-f greenhouse gas analyser onboard RRS James Clark Ross, in the Southern Ocean, Arctic Ocean and Atlantic Ocean. The fluxes are 2 hour averaged and have been filtered based on wind direction to data corresponding to wind coming from behind the ship to remove sources of pollution from the ship stack. Limit of detection for the flux data are calculated for each cruise by multiplying the standard deviation of the random noise by three. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council and the ARIES Doctoral Training Partnership (grant no. NE/S007334/1). Royal Holloway, University of London was funded by NERC through grants NE/V000780/1 and NE/N016211/1. Anna E. Jones and Katrin Linse were part of the British Antarctic Survey Polar Science for Planet Earth Programme funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) [NC-Science]. The measurements from the Royal Research Ship James Clark Ross (JCR) were principally supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council's ORCHESTRA project (Grant No. NE/N018095/1). The Picarro analyser was funded by the European Space Agency funding (ESA AMT4OceanSatFlux project, Grant No. 4000125730/18/NL/FF/gp). This work further contributes to the NERC MOYA project (Grant No. NE/N015932/1).

This database contains information on the herbarium specimens held in the herbarium of the British Antarctic Survey (international code AAS) as well as information about specimens collected in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic and held in other world herbaria. There are over 70 000 records, predominantly of mosses and lichens, but also of vascular plants, ferns, fungi and algae collected in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions as well as some from surrounding continents, particularly South America. The collection from South Georgia And The South Sandwich Islands started in 1775 and from Antarctica in 1834. Documents relating to the Herbarium are kept in the BAS Archives (LS2/4). The records can be searched and downloaded on: http://apex.nerc-bas.ac.uk/f?p=148:1. There is also a facility to see a distribution map of specimens retrieved by querying the database.

This study investigated the status of dark septate (DS) fungi in Antarctic plant and soil communities, with the aim of determining the abundance of DS fungi in plant roots and rhizoids, their taxonomic affinities and their symbiotic status. Abundances of fungal hyphae were recorded in roots and rhizoids, and fungi were isolated and identified. Sequencing of ITS (internal transcribed spacer) regions of rDNA indicated that some isolates share taxonomic affinities with fungi of known symbiotic status. Synthesis experiments assessed the effects of DS fungal isolates, including H. ericae, on the growth and nutrient balance of their host plants. Seeds of Deschampsia antarctica and Colobanthus quitensis were collected for use in ecophysiological experiments.