This data release includes sensor data collected from Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) casts during a field campaign to Ryder Bay in January 2025 as part of the NERC funded SiCLING project (Silicon Cycling in Glaciated Environments), led by Dr K. Hendry from the British Antarctic Survey. Four CTD casts were carried out within the Bay. This research aims to investigate the release of biologically important nutrients and trace elements from glacial sediments in polar coastal environments, and the biogeochemical impact of ongoing glacier retreat. Funding: NERC Pushing the Frontiers grant SiCLING (NE/X014819/1).

Measurements were collected during the 92 day lab-based experiment carried out on replicate macrofaunal mesocosms of Astarte crenata, Ctenodiscus crispatus, Cistenides hyperborea from the Western Barents Sea and Aequiyoldia eightsi and Laternula elliptica from Rothera Point, Antarctic Peninsula. Macrofauna were collected on cruise JR18006 in the Western Barents Sea and by hand during scuba dives in the cove adjacent to Rothera research station. Experimental measurements include carbonate chemistry indices measured in water samples; carbon dioxide concentration levels; benthic invertebrate response rate, burial rate, sediment particle reworking, bioirrigation, and associated nutrient concentrations; benthic invertebrate body size and individual biomass; sediment organic material content, and sediment particle size. Supported by the INSPIRE Doctoral Training Partnership programme (grant NE/S007210/1) and 'The Changing Arctic Ocean Seafloor (ChAOS) - how changing sea ice conditions impact biological communities, biogeochemical processes and ecosystems' project (NE/N015894/1 and NE/P006426/1, 2017/2021), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) in the UK.

Data on the resting metabolic rate, body mass and body temperature data for a range of vertebrate and invertebrate taxa culled from the literature for a comprehensive study of scaling relationships. The data are global in extent. Funding: BAS Core Funding

This data release includes sensor data collected from Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) casts during a field campaign to Kongsfjorden in July 2024 as part of the NERC funded SiCLING project (Silicon Cycling in Glaciated Environments), led by Dr. K. Hendry from the British Antarctic Survey. Thirteen CTD casts were carried out in a transect along the fjord. Funding: NERC Pushing the Frontiers grant SiCLING (NE/X014819/1).

Year-round measurements of the water column in Ryder Bay, Western Antarctic Peninsula have been collected by the Rothera Marine Assistant and associated researchers, starting in 1997 as part of the Rothera Oceanographic and Biological Time Series (RATS) to assess temporal variability in physical and biogeochemical oceanographic properties. The data were collected using instrumentation deployed from rigid inflatable boats, or through instrumentation deployed through holes cut in the sea ice when the bay is frozen over in winter. Data collected include profiles to about 500m depth with a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) system that produces measurements of temperature, salinity, fluorescence and photosynthetically-active radiation (PAR). Individual water samples are collected with a Niskin bottle from a standard 15m depth, with some samples also collected from the surface layer. These individual samples are analysed for size-fractionated chlorophyll, macronutrients (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, orthophosphate and silicic acid), stable isotopes of oxygen in seawater, and some ancillary parameters. The bottle data have been quality controlled using international reference standards. Profiling and water sample collection occur with quasi-weekly frequency in summer and weekly in winter, but are weather and sea ice dependent. In addition, daily assessments of sea ice concentration and sea ice type are made from nearby Rothera Research Station by visual inspection, to aid interpretation of the ocean data collected. These data constitute one of the longest time series of ocean measurements in Antarctica, with near-unique systematic data collection in winter, within either polar circle. Data collection has been supported since 1997 by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) through core funding supplied to the British Antarctic Survey. Since 2017, it has been supported by NERC award "National Capability - Polar Expertise Supporting UK Research" (NE/R016038/1).