This R application is an implementation of state tagging approach for improved quality assurance of environmental data. The application returns state-dependent prediction intervals on input data. The states are determined based on clustering of auxiliary inputs (such as meteorological data) made on the same day. The method provides contextual information to assess the quality of observational data and is applicable to any point-based, daily time series observational data. To use this application, the user will need to input two separate csv files: one for state variables and the other for observations. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability. Full details about this application can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/1de712d3-081e-4b44-b880-b6a1ebf9fcd8

This is an application providing code for the non-parametric comparison of soil depth profiles, and testing for significant differences between soil depth profiles, using bootstrapped Loess (local) regressions (BLR). The BLR approach was developed to be able to compare and test for significant differences in potentially non-linear depth profiles of soil properties across land use transitions, which does not need to meet any parametric distribution assumptions, and is intended to be generally applicable regardless of specific contexts of land use and soil type. A small dataset is provided with the code to demonstrate the BLR approach and its outputs. The code was written using the R statistical programming language and provides two examples of the BLR approach. This application was created by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology at Lancaster in 2015 during the ELUM (Ecosystem Land Use Modelling & Soil Carbon GHG Flux Trial) project, which was commissioned and funded by the Energy Technologies Institute (ETI). Full details about this application can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/d4f92cd8-43e8-49e4-8f9e-efcc0e3b2478

This model code provides an example to demonstrate a new application of the 'learnr' R package to help authors to make elements of their research analysis more readily reproducible to users. It turns a R Markdown document to guided, editable, isolated, executable, and resettable code sandboxes where users can readily experiment with altering the codes exposed Full details about this application can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/df57b002-2a42-4a7d-854f-870dd867618c

This code: (1) Generates equilibrium genotype frequency values. This is provided in the "Script_to_generate_equilibrium_genotype_frequencies.m" script. (2) Tests our relatedness expression with simulated data. This is provided in the "Comparison_of_simulated_and_expected_relatedness.m" script. Full details about this application can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/07af78a7-4022-43b1-b85f-b31caf596362

Two scripts for classifying remotely sensed data used to produce maps of peatland distribution and predicted peat thickness, using random forest classification and regression. Written in JavaScript for use with Google Earth Engine. These are versions of the scripts used in Hastie et al. (2022), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-022-00923-4. Users should also cite Rodríguez-Veiga et al. (2020), https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152380 . Full details about this application can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/e337de58-df5e-4412-8aef-28875870f965

This dataset consists of computer code transcripts for two proprietary flood risk models from a study as part of the NERC Rural Economy and Land Use (RELU) programme. This project was conceived in order to address the public controversies generated by the risk management strategies and forecasting technologies associated with diffuse environmental problems such as flooding and pollution. Environmental issues play an ever-increasing role in all of our daily lives. However, controversies surrounding many of these issues, and confusion surrounding the way in which they are reported, mean that sectors of the public risk becoming increasingly disengaged. To try to reverse this trend and regain public trust and engagement, this project aimed to develop a new approach to interdisciplinary environmental science, involving non-scientists throughout the process. Examining the relationship between science and policy, and in particular how to engage the public with scientific research findings, a major diffuse environmental management issue was chosen as a focus - flooding. As part of this approach, non-scientists were recruited alongside the investigators in forming Competency Groups - an experiment in democratising science. The Competency Groups were composed of researchers and laypeople for whom flooding is a matter of particular concern. The groups worked together to share different perspectives - on why flooding is a problem, on the role of science in addressing the problem, and on new ways of doing science together. We aimed to achieve four substantive contributions to knowledge: 1. To analyse how the knowledge claims and modelling technologies of hydrological science are developed and put into practice by policy makers and commercial organisations (such as insurance companies) in flood risk management. 2. To develop an integrated model for forecasting the in-river and floodplain effects of rural land management practices. 3. To experiment with a new approach to public engagement in the production of interdisciplinary environmental science, involving the use of Competency Groups. 4. To evaluate this new approach to doing public science differently and to identify lessons learnt that can be exported beyond this particular project to other fields of knowledge controversy. This dataset consists of computer code transcripts for two proprietary flood risk models. Flood risk and modelling interview transcripts from this study are available at the UK Data Archive under study number 6620 (see online resources). Further documentation for this study may be found through the RELU Knowledge Portal and the project's ESRC funding award web page (see online resources).

This dataset contains the material required to reproduce 3D volumetric data describing the energy density of photons within a simulated environment and heatmaps and journey lengths for ensembles of weighted walkers experiencing specific simulated environments. The dataset includes source code for snapshots of the Monte Carlo Radiative Transfer (MCRT) code used to run simulations, the weighted random walking code used to emulate the behaviour of animals experiencing the simulated environment, as well as inputs and configuration files for both codes. The MCRT software outputs 3D volumetric data describing the energy density of photons within the simulated environment. Then, the weighted random walk code takes 2D planes from this data and produces heatmaps and journey lengths for ensembles of weighted walkers experiencing these simulated environments. Full details about this application can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/1b64b008-8c20-4dd4-bf54-bf1894767a56

This is a theoretical model of leadership in warfare by exploitative individuals who reap the benefits of conflict while avoiding the costs. In this model we extend the classic hawk-dove model to consider pairwise interactions between groups in which a randomly chosen leader decides whether the group will collectively adopt aggressive or peaceful tactics. We allow for unequal sharing of fitness payoffs among group members such that the leader can obtain either a larger share of the benefits, or pay a reduced share of costs, from fighting compared to their followers. Our model shows that leadership of this kind can explain the evolution of severe collective violence in certain animal societies. Full details about this application can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/7aab999e-cef9-41c2-8400-63f10af798ec

This resource comprises two Jupyter notebooks that includes the model code in python to train a random forest model to predict long-term seasonal nitrate and orthophosphate concentrations at each river reach in Great Britain. The input features considered are catchment descriptors and land cover matched to the reaches. The training data is obtained from the Environmental Agency Water Quality Archive, 2010-2020. This method provides an effective way to map water quality data from stations to the river network. A live demo of a web application to visualize the dataset can be viewed at https://moisture-wqmlviewer.datalabs.ceh.ac.uk/wqml_viewer Full details about this application can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/ba208b6c-6f1a-43b1-867d-bc1adaff6445

This application is an implementation of a Fuzzy changepoint based approach to evaluate how well numerical models capture local scale temporal shifts in environmental time series. A changepoint in a time series represents a change in the statistical properties of the time series (either mean, variance or mean and variance in this case). These can often represent important local events of interest that numerical models should accurately capture. The application detects the locations of changepoints in two time series (typically one representing observations and one representing a model simulation) and estimates uncertainty on the changepoint locations using a bootstrap approach. The changepoint locations and associated confidence intervals are then converted to fuzzy numbers and fuzzy logic is used to evaluate how well the timing of any changepoints agree between the time series. The app returns individual similarity scores for each changepoint with higher scores representing a better performance of the numerical model at capturing local scale temporal changes seen in the observed record. To use this application, the user will upload a csv file containing the two time series to be compared. This work was supported by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) Data Science for the Natural Environment (DSNE) project (EP/R01860X/1) and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) as part the UK-SCAPE programme (NE/R016429/1). Full details about this application can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/49d04d55-90a7-4106-b8fe-2e75aba228e4