2012
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The data consists of a matrix of twelve land cover classes by 20 stream sites with the area of each land cover class given in km^2. The areal coverage (km2) of each of twelve land cover classes was recorded for each of 20 chalkstream catchments in southern England. The 20 discrete chalkstream catchments are distributed along the white chalk geology extending from Dorset in the south west, through Wiltshire, to Hampshire in the north east, to cover a gradient of catchment land cover intensification from extensive calcareous grassland and woodland through to arable and improved grasslands. These data were acquired in July 2012. This dataset was created as part of work package 3.1 of the Wessex Biodiversity & Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) project. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/b8a66584-da67-49e5-a0b0-d8e0b3e75b99
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This dataset includes individual passive detector measurements of radon Rn-222 in the air of artificial burrows, Rn-222 measurements by instrumentation in soil gas of interstitial soil pores and burrow air, gamma analyses results for soil samples and, soil moisture and temperature data. Estimates of absorbed dose rates to wildlife from exposure to natural background radionuclides are required to put estimates of dose rates arising from regulated releases of radioactivity and proposed benchmarks into context. These data are from a study conducted at seven sites in northwest England (comprising broadleaved and coniferous woodlands, scrubland and pastures). Passive track etch detectors were used to measure the Rn-222 concentrations in artificial burrows over a period of approximately one year (July 2009 to June 2010). Instrumented measurements of burrow air and soil pore gas were also conducted in October 2009. The data result from a study funded by NERC-CEH and the England & Wales Environment Agency. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/2641515F-5B76-445C-A936-1DA51BF365AD
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The data consists of annual measurements of standing aboveground plant biomass, annual aboveground net primary productivity and annual soil respiration between 1998 and 2012. Data were collected from seven European shrublands that were subject to the climate manipulations drought and warming. Sites were located in the United Kingdom (UK), the Netherlands (NL), Denmark ( two sites, DK-B and DK-M), Hungary (HU), Spain (SP) and Italy (IT). All field sites consisted of untreated control plots, plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours, and plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season. Standing aboveground plant biomass (grams biomass per square metre) was measured in two undisturbed areas within the plots using the pin-point method (UK, DK-M, DK-B), or along a transect (IT, SP, HU, NL). Aboveground net primary productivity was calculated from measurements of standing aboveground plant biomass estimates and litterfall measurements. Soil respiration was measured in pre-installed opaque soil collars bi-weekly, monthly, or in measurement campaigns (SP only). The datasets provided are the basis for the data analysis presented in Reinsch et al. (2017) Shrubland primary production and soil respiration diverge along European climate gradient. Scientific Reports 7:43952 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep43952 Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/b902e25a-ffec-446f-a270-03cc2501fe1d
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The data consist of species level descriptions of macroinvertebrate communities from the Conwy catchment in Wales, UK, sampled over three years between 2008 and 2010. The water bodies studied are tributary streams of the river Conwy, Wales, UK. Sampling took place in November of each year. Macroinvertebrates were sampled using a 1 mm kick net following the RIVPACS (River Invertebrate Prediction and Classification System) field protocol. Site variables (depth, width, velocity, substrate cover, macrophyte cover) were also recorded and are supplied as supporting information. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/fbbf2775-2f4d-478b-b59e-38aeaafaf67c
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Future Flows Hydrology (FF-HydMod-PPE) is an 11-member ensemble projections of river flow and groundwater levels time series for 283 catchments and 24 boreholes in Great Britain. It is derived from Future Flows Climate, an 11-member 1-km bias-corrected and downscaled climate projection products based on the SRES A1B emission scenario. River Flows data are at a daily time step: Groundwater Levels data are at a monthly time step. Future Flows Hydrology span from 1951 to 2098. The development of Future Flows Hydrology was made during the partnership project 'Future Flows and Groundwater Levels' funded by the Environment Agency for England and Wales, Defra, UK Water Research Industry, NERC (Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and British Geological Survey) and Wallingford HydroSolutions. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/f3723162-4fed-4d9d-92c6-dd17412fa37b
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This data consist of measurements on soil microbial enzyme activity of six hydrolytic enzymes and related soil measurements from the experimental field sites at Clocaenog forest and Peaknaze. Samples were collected in 2012 from plots subjected to experimental drought and warming as well as untreated control plots. Soil cores were taken for the topsoil 0 to10 centimetres. Enzymes were measured at the climate change field site Climoor that is located in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales and the Peaknaze field site located in the Peak District. The experimental field sites each consist of three untreated control plots, three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours, and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season (March to September). Six hydrolytic soil microbial enzymes and one oxidase were extracted from the topsoil to test the effect of these enzymes that are involved in carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, under the imposed long-term climate change treatments. The hydrolytic enzymes were assayed using 4-methylumbelliferone (MUF) or 7-amino-4-methyl coumarin (AMC) linked-substrates, whereas the oxidase was extracted in pure water. All enzyme extracts were measured colorimetrically. The Clocaenog and Peaknaze field experiments intend to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. Plot level microbial related measurements are important to investigate ecosystem carbon dynamics and changes in the soil carbon under the imposed climatic treatments. Measurements were undertaken by trained members of staff at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/9bfa5e3b-dbf0-46fc-a5c4-7970b0d850a8
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Estimates of annual loads of phosphorus, sediment, nitrogen and faecal coliform from non-agricultural sources to rivers in Scotland, reported at Water Framework Directive (WFD) catchment scale. The sources of pollutants include: urban, woodland, montane areas, river bank erosion, septic tanks and sewage treatment works. Loads are estimated based upon available data (e.g. septic tank licences) and modelling (bank erosion). The values specify phosphorous, nitrogen or sediment losses in kilograms per year and faecal coliform in 10^6 colony forming units (cfu) per year. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/eb73ca31-7eb9-479c-96be-6063e29c8a7f
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The dataset contains three modelled estimates of global ammonia emissions from seabird colonies, at a spatial resolution of 0.1 degrees latitude/longitude. The model estimates were derived with a) detailed global seabird population data collated from a large number of sources (data sources date from 1980-2010 for different parts of the world) b) climate data (source: High-resolution Gridded Datasets, Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia, UK. http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/ last updated by Harris, I. (2007), date: 1995) c) emission model derived by Riddick et al. (2012) with funding for the project from the CEH Integrating Fund (NERC). A detailed description and discussion of the datasets, including methodology and uncertainties, can be found in the following peer-reviewed article: S. N. Riddick, U. Dragosits, T. D. Blackall, F. Daunt, S. Wanless and M. A. Sutton (2012) The global distribution of ammonia emissions from seabird colonies. Atmospheric Environment, 55 (2012), pp. 319-327 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.02.052 Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/c9e802b3-43c8-4b36-a3a3-8861d9da8ea9
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The data consist of woody biomass maps of three study areas - Mabalane, Gurue, and Maruppa in Mozambique. Each area map comprises three Geotiff layers stacked in the order band 1= 2007, band 2 = 2010, band 3 = 2014. Each pixel is an aboveground woody biomass in tonnes of carbon per hectare (ha). For the biomass maps -18.00000 means no data. Due to noise, it is possible to have negative biomass estimates. Individual layers can extracted for year specific analyses. Data were collected as part of the Abrupt Changes in Ecosystem Services and Wellbeing in Mozambican Woodlands (ACES) project under the ESPA programme Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/6a8b07f9-552e-408c-8351-595ee6a7fc5f
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Future Flows Climate (FF-HadRM3-PPE) is an eleven-member ensemble climate projection for Great Britain at a 1-km resolution spanning from 1950 to 2098. It was specifically developed for hydrological application and contain daily time series of Available Precipitation, which is the precipiated water available to hydrological processes after delays due to snow and ice storage are accounted for; and monthly reference Potential Evapotranspiration calculated using the FAO56 method. Future Flows Climate is derived from the Hadley Centre's Regional climate projection ensemble HadRM3-PPE based on 11 different variants of the regional climate model run under the SRES A1B emission scenario. HadRM3-PPE is underpinning the UKCP09 products. Bias correction and spatial downscaling were applied to the total precpitation and air temperature variables before Future Flows Climate APr and PE were generated. The development of Future Flows Climate was made during the partnership project 'Future Flows and Groundwater Levels' funded by the Environment Agency for England and Wales, Defra, UK Water Research Industry, NERC (Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and British Geological Survey) and Wallingford HydroSolutions. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/bad1514f-119e-44a4-8e1e-442735bb9797