This data set contains satellite-derived information on geomorphic river mobility for ten catchments in the Philippines. We applied the locational probability approach to map the proportion of time that a river channel occupies a particular location. We quantified satellite-derived locational probabilities for 600 km2 of riverbed. The information is useful for predicting and developing resilience to river-related hazards in dynamic landscapes. We provide example Google Earth Engine (GEE) and MATLAB codes to replicate satellite-derived locational probability analyses, and provide outputs for each catchment. Data sets include: (1) example GEE codes to run satellite imagery analyses; (2) example MATLAB codes and data to generate locational probabilities; (3) example MATLAB codes and data to produce longitudinal analyses; and, (4) processed locational probability outputs for the ten catchments. The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and Department of Science and Technology - Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Research and Development (DOST-PCIEERD) – Newton Fund grant NE/S003312. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/a2bcc66e-4dcc-4ed1-897d-cdf36dde246d