This resource comprises abundance data for invertebrates, pest damage to apples, and yields from an agroforestry system subject to two different understorey management treatments, comprising an unmown flowering understorey and a mown understorey. The data was collected from an intercropped apple-arable agroforestry site in Screveton, Nottinghamshire, UK, from five experimental blocks, each block split between the two understorey management treatments. The data was collected between April and September 2020. Data was collected using (i) pitfall traps, (ii) sticky traps, (iii) visual searches of apple trees for natural enemies, pests and fruit damage from pests and disease, (iv) flower visitation counts for pollinators, (v) apple fruit yield and quality metrics, and (vi) grain yield samples. The data was collected to compare the effect of understorey management in agroforestry on functional invertebrates and associated ecosystem services. All data was collected by Tom Staton (University of Reading). Three pitfall traps were damaged and are excluded from the dataset, comprising (i) Visit 1, Block 2, Mown treatment, Position 4; (ii) Visit 4, Block 2, Mown treatment, Position 3; and (iii) Visit 4, Block 3, Unmown treatment, Position 2. The research was funded under NERC grant NE/R012229/1 Quantitative and Modelling Skills in Ecology and Evolution (QMEE) CDT Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/83a10b11-23ef-4378-a56d-c63cce365275

Daily concatenated files of ceilometer cloud base height and aerosol profile data from Lund University's Vaisala CL51 deployed at Hyltemossa, Sweden. These data were produced by the EUMETNET's E-PROFILE processing hub as part of the ceilometer and lidar network operated as part of the by EUMETNET members. This network covers most of Europe with additional sites worldwide. The site has a corresponding WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) id: 0-20008-0-HTM. See online documentation for link to station details in the Observing Systems Capability Analysis and Review (OSCAR) Tool. EUMETNET is a grouping of 31 European National Meteorological Services that provides a framework to organise co-operative programmes between its Members in the various fields of basic meteorological activities. One such programme is the EUMETNET Profiling Programme: E-PROFILE. See EUMETNET page linked from this record for further details of EUMETNET's activities.

Daily concatenated files of ceilometer cloud base height and aerosol profile data from Lund University's Vaisala CL51 deployed at Norunda, Sweden. These data were produced by the EUMETNET's E-PROFILE processing hub as part of the ceilometer and lidar network operated as part of the by EUMETNET members. This network covers most of Europe with additional sites worldwide. The site has a corresponding WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS) id: 0-20008-0-NOR. See online documentation for link to station details in the Observing Systems Capability Analysis and Review (OSCAR) Tool. EUMETNET is a grouping of 31 European National Meteorological Services that provides a framework to organise co-operative programmes between its Members in the various fields of basic meteorological activities. One such programme is the EUMETNET Profiling Programme: E-PROFILE. See EUMETNET page linked from this record for further details of EUMETNET's activities.

Meteorological variables (wind speed, air temperature and wind direction) were collected using two wind towers. Photogrammetric data were collected using a pole-mounted digital camera and DJI Phantom 3 UAV. LiDAR data collected via terrestrial and airborne laser scanning. Fieldwork carried out at Hintereisferner glacier, in the Oetztal Alps region, Tyrol, Austria, from 1-15 August 2018 by Joshua Chambers, Thomas Smith and Mark Smith. Terrestrial laser scan (TLS) data collected by Rudolf Sailer. Airborne laser scan (ALS) data originally from Open Data Austria, see Sailer et al. (2012). One wind tower recorded for the entire study duration, the second was moved to different plots every ~4 days. Photogrammetric data were collected on 8, 10, 11, 12 and 13 August. TLS scans were split into upper- and lower-glacier, and completed on 3, 7, 12 and 16 August. Data were used to examine the relations between glacier aerodynamic roughness and sampling resolution, and to develop a correction factor for roughness derived from coarser resolution data. Fieldwork was funded by an INTERACT Transnational Access grant awarded to Mark Smith under the European Union H2020 Grant Agreement No. 730938. Joshua Chambers is supported by a NERC PhD studentship (NE/L002574/1). Ivana Stiperski was funded by Austrian Science Fund (FWF) grant T781-N32. ***** PLEASE BE ADVISED TO USE VERSION 2.0 DATA ***** The VERSION 2.0 data set (see 'Related Data Set Metadata' link below) provides corrected glacier aerodynamic roughness calculated using the new model outlined in Chambers et al.

Meteorological variables (wind speed, air temperature and wind direction) were collected using two wind towers. Photogrammetric data were collected using a pole-mounted digital camera and DJI Phantom 3 UAV. LiDAR data collected via terrestrial and airborne laser scanning. Fieldwork carried out at Hintereisferner glacier, in the Oetztal Alps region, Tyrol, Austria, from 1-15 August 2018 by Joshua Chambers, Thomas Smith and Mark Smith. Terrestrial laser scan (TLS) data collected by Rudolf Sailer. Airborne laser scan (ALS) data originally from Open Data Austria, see Sailer et al. (2012). One wind tower recorded for the entire study duration, the second was moved to different plots every ~4 days. Photogrammetric data were collected on 8, 10, 11, 12 and 13 August. TLS scans were split into upper- and lower-glacier, and completed on 3, 7, 12 and 16 August. Data were used to examine the relations between glacier aerodynamic roughness and sampling resolution, and to develop a correction factor for roughness derived from coarser resolution data. Fieldwork was funded by an INTERACT Transnational Access grant awarded to Mark Smith under the European Union H2020 Grant Agreement No. 730938. Joshua Chambers is supported by a NERC PhD studentship (NE/L002574/1). Ivana Stiperski was funded by Austrian Science Fund (FWF) grant T781-N32.

The World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) data from the the EC-Earth-Consortium team EC-Earth3P model output for the "forced atmosphere experiment for 1950-2014" (highresSST-present) experiment. These are available at the following frequencies: Amon, LImon and Lmon. The runs included the ensemble member: r1i1p1f1. CMIP6 was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the WCRP and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report (AR6). The the EC-Earth-Consortium team team consisted of the following agencies: La Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET), Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC), Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (Geomar), Irish Centre for High-End Computing (ICHEC), International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), KIT Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Lund University, Met Eireann, The Netherlands eScience Center (NLeSC), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), University of Oxford, SURFsara, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Stockholm University, Unite ASTR, University College Dublin, University of Bergen, University of Copenhagen, University of Helsinki, University of Santiago de Compostela, Uppsala University, University of Utrecht, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Wageningen University. The official CMIP6 Citation, and its associated DOI, is provided as an online resource linked to this record.

The World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) data from the the EC-Earth-Consortium team EC-Earth3P-HR model output for the "forced atmosphere experiment for 1950-2014" (highresSST-present) experiment. These are available at the following frequency: Amon. The runs included the ensemble member: r1i1p1f1. CMIP6 was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the WCRP and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report (AR6). The the EC-Earth-Consortium team team consisted of the following agencies: La Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET), Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC), Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (Geomar), Irish Centre for High-End Computing (ICHEC), International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), KIT Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Lund University, Met Eireann, The Netherlands eScience Center (NLeSC), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), University of Oxford, SURFsara, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Stockholm University, Unite ASTR, University College Dublin, University of Bergen, University of Copenhagen, University of Helsinki, University of Santiago de Compostela, Uppsala University, University of Utrecht, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Wageningen University. The official CMIP6 Citation, and its associated DOI, is provided as an online resource linked to this record.

The World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) data from the the EC-Earth-Consortium team EC-Earth3-CC model output for the "abrupt quadrupling of CO2" (abrupt-4xCO2) experiment. These are available at the following frequencies: Amon, Oday, Ofx, Omon and day. The runs included the ensemble member: r1i1p1f1. CMIP6 was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the WCRP and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report (AR6). The the EC-Earth-Consortium team team consisted of the following agencies: La Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET), Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC), Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (Geomar), Irish Centre for High-End Computing (ICHEC), International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), KIT Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Lund University, Met Eireann, The Netherlands eScience Center (NLeSC), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), University of Oxford, SURFsara, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Stockholm University, Unite ASTR, University College Dublin, University of Bergen, University of Copenhagen, University of Helsinki, University of Santiago de Compostela, Uppsala University, University of Utrecht, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Wageningen University. The official CMIP6 Citation, and its associated DOI, is provided as an online resource linked to this record.

The World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) data from the the EC-Earth-Consortium team EC-Earth3-CC model output for the "all-forcing simulation of the recent past with atmospheric CO2 concentration calculated" (esm-hist) experiment. These are available at the following frequencies: Amon, Eday, Emon, LImon, Lmon, Oday, Ofx, Omon, Oyr, SIday, SImon and day. The runs included the ensemble member: r1i1p1f1. CMIP6 was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the WCRP and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report (AR6). The the EC-Earth-Consortium team team consisted of the following agencies: La Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET), Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC), Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (Geomar), Irish Centre for High-End Computing (ICHEC), International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), KIT Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Lund University, Met Eireann, The Netherlands eScience Center (NLeSC), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), University of Oxford, SURFsara, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Stockholm University, Unite ASTR, University College Dublin, University of Bergen, University of Copenhagen, University of Helsinki, University of Santiago de Compostela, Uppsala University, University of Utrecht, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Wageningen University. The official CMIP6 Citation, and its associated DOI, is provided as an online resource linked to this record.

The World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) data from the the EC-Earth-Consortium team EC-Earth3-LR model output for the "pre-industrial control" (piControl) experiment. These are available at the following frequencies: 3hr, 6hrPlevPt, Amon, Eday, LImon, Oday, Ofx, Omon, SIday, SImon, day and fx. The runs included the ensemble member: r1i1p1f1. CMIP6 was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the WCRP and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report (AR6). The the EC-Earth-Consortium team team consisted of the following agencies: La Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET), Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC), Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (Geomar), Irish Centre for High-End Computing (ICHEC), International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), KIT Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Lund University, Met Eireann, The Netherlands eScience Center (NLeSC), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), University of Oxford, SURFsara, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Stockholm University, Unite ASTR, University College Dublin, University of Bergen, University of Copenhagen, University of Helsinki, University of Santiago de Compostela, Uppsala University, University of Utrecht, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Wageningen University. The official CMIP6 Citation, and its associated DOI, is provided as an online resource linked to this record.