This dataset comprises reference and deformed images of F1 hybrid and house sparrow (THE) hybrid skull prints and a short Matlab code to extract wireframe deformation model. Loading was conducted at the University of Nottingham in 2023 on a customised loading frame. A reference database is provided as an example of pre-processed data. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/38e3bd7f-63a6-41a6-8bb3-4cad89bdb14d

Computed tomography (CT) scans of 212 museum specimens, including mostly cartilaginous and bony fishes as well as several reptiles and amphibians, were obtained to quantitatively study vertebral column morphology and regionalisation. The specimens are housed in the University of Cambridge Museum of Zoology or the Natural History Museum in London (specimen identification numbers can be found in the supporting documentation). These data consist of 1) series of tiff images that can be imported into CT segmenting software to reconstruct their shape in three dimensions; 2) STL files of each vertebra for a subset of the specimens scanned; 3) 3D landmark coordinates or measurements for each vertebra for a subset of taxa scanned; 4) tables of results from regionalisation analyses, and 5) photographs of eight fossil fish specimens Supplemental files include details of the data collection procedures, specimen identification numbers and updated taxonomy, and CT scanning parameters for all scans. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/1c76e443-da02-4bc4-a041-0f79adc016be

River Habitat Survey (RHS) data from rivers and streams surveyed in 2007 as part of the Countryside Survey project. River Habitat Survey (RHS) is an assessment of the physical structure of freshwater streams and rivers based on a standard 500m length sample unit. It does not require specialist geomorphological or botanical expertise but consistent recognition of features included on the form is essential. To ensure consistency of recording all surveyors must be accredited, and recording follows standard protocols. Data were collected under the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Headwater stream surveys have been carried out in 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of sites. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to headwater stream data, soil data, habitat areas, vegetation species data and linear habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/40da9509-999f-4d61-85fe-59d7b32e7ca6

This dataset contains phenotypic information for three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that were raised from a single marine x freshwater cross from populations on North Uist, Scottish Outer Hebrides for approximately 5 generations in a freshwater pond in Nottinghamshire, UK. The fish were then used in a quantitative trait loci (QTL) experiment to determine the genomic regions associated with various phenotypic traits in the fish. The phenotypic information includes body length, body weight, sex, whether species of the parasite Schistocephalus was observed in the body cavity, and the composition of the body of the fish (determined by ICPMass Spectromotry) including the following elements: B, Na, Mg, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Li, Be, Al, V , Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Cs, Ba, Tl, Pb, U Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/e7797949-8b96-423e-870e-69e8314dbe90

CT scans of adult little skates (Leucoraja erinacea). These scans consist of series of tiff images that can be imported into CT segmenting software to reconstruct their shape in three dimensions. Supplemental files include CT scanning parameters, landmark coordinates for each vertebra in each skate, up to vertebra 70, as well as an R script with code for analysing vertebral shape using morphometrics and segmented linear regression tests. Computed tomography scans of three adult little skates were obtained in order to quantitatively study vertebral column morphology and regionalization. The skate fins were removed to facilitate shipping to our scanning facility, and so the scans include only the head, gill basket, and axial column. The specimens are now housed in the University of Cambridge Museum of Zoology (specimen identification numbers 2021.50.1, 20201.50.2, and 2021.50.3). Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/9d7810c7-92af-47b2-81ec-365aafc39691

This dataset comprises MicroCT 3D scans of skulls from Passer sparrows (Passer domesticus, P. hispaniolensis, P. italiae and F1 hybrids) generated during a crossing experiment at the University of Oslo, Norway in 2014/2015. Skulls were scanned with a microCT scanner at the University of Nottingham in 2023. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/c75ac806-2968-4bf0-8c72-ed4e0dc2ed7e

Data comprise the collection label details of museums specimens for five bumblebee species (Bombus hortorum, B. muscorum, B. lapidarius, B. pascuorum and B. sylvarum) from five UK museums (Natural History Museum (London), National Museums Scotland, Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Tullie House Museum and Art Gallery, and World Museum (Liverpool)). The details include species, collector, date collected, location, and caste. The location for each specimen was geotagged using Google Maps’ Geocoding application programming interface. Each specimen had its left and right forewing landmarked, with the wing shapes aligned using a Procrustes alignment, and Procrustes distance between the wings calculated. The data came from a digitisation program as part of a NERC funded Standard Grant awarded to R. Gill (NE/P012574/1) and I. Barnes (NE/P012914/1). Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/2696535e-564a-4c6a-877e-515996fa97a1

The data consists of 3D surface scans of the beaks of 662 museum specimens of sixteen species (representing fifteen families of passerine birds: Fringillidae, Ploceidae, Passeridae, Viduidae, Thraupidae, Estrildidae, Artamidae, Cardinalidae, Sittidae, Prunellidae, Motacillidae, Emberizidae, Alaudidae, Cinclidae, Bombycillidae). Each species has scans from between 23 and 31 specimens with the exception of chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs), with scans from 230 specimens representing fourteen subspecies. Full details about this nonGeographicDataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/e53b2c4f-fc2e-47a9-b5b7-cc3a59f790ac