Historic land surface observations data from the Met Office station network. Data are available for the period 1900 to 1999 for daily measurements. Hourly observations are for now available back to January 1985. The dataset comprises daily and hourly weather measurements, hourly wind parameters, max and min air temperatures, soil temperatures, sunshine duration and radiation measurements and hourly and daily rain measurements. This dataset has been SUPERSEDED BY THE NEW MIDAS Land Surface Stations data (1853-current). It has been retained for reference purposes. Users with access to the MIDAS Land surface stations dataset automatically have access to this dataset as well. The daily data are available online from UK stations in 110 UK regions (mainly counties) over the period 1853 to July 2000. The hourly data are for available from stations in the 110 UK regions also covered by the daily data from 1983 to July 2000.

The UK daily rainfall data describe the rainfall accumulation and precipitation amount over a 24 hour period. The data are collected by observation stations across the UK and transmitted within the following message types: WADRAIN, NCM, AWSDLY, DLY3208, SSER and WAMRAIN. The data spans from 1853 to present.

The UK daily weather observation data contain meteorological values measured on a 24 hour time scale. The measurements of sunshine duration, concrete state, snow depth, fresh snow depth, and days of snow, hail, thunder and gail were attained by observation stations operated by the Met Office across the UK operated and transmitted within DLY3208, NCM, AWSDLY and SYNOP messages. The data span from 1889 to 2019. For details of observations see the relevant sections of the MIDAS User Guide linked from this record for the various message types. This version supersedes the previous version of this dataset and a change log is available in the archive, and in the linked documentation for this record, detailing the differences between this version and the previous version. The change logs detail new, replaced and removed data. Of particular note, however, is that as well as including data for 2019, historical data recovery has added temperature and weather data for Bude (1937-1958), Teignmouth (1912-1930), and Eskdalemuir (1915-1948). This dataset is part of the Midas-open dataset collection made available by the Met Office under the UK Open Government Licence, containing only UK mainland land surface observations owned or operated by the Met Office. It is a subset of the fuller, restricted Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) Land and Marine Surface Stations dataset, also available through the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis - see the related dataset section on this record. Currently this represents approximately 95% of available daily weather observations within the full MIDAS collection.

The Netatmo V1 dataset contains observations from all Public Weather Stations (PWS) contributing to the Netatmo database within Europe. Netatmo is a company that designs and manufactures a range of smart weather station instruments for the home. The dataset is for a single year (2020), made available for use within the EUMETNET Sandbox project. EUMETNET (a grouping of 31 European National Meteorological Services) instigated the EUMETNET Sandbox project to bring novel observations and observations from technology trials and field campaigns to the research community to enable R&D activities. The data are not quality controlled and are presented in the format provided by Netatmo. The data are provided in a single file per month per country*. The data were extracted from the Netatmo database country by country. The meteorological values are unchanged from those extracted from the Netatmo archive. For example, there is no Quality Control of the data, no calibration of the instruments and no unit conversions have been applied. The data were extracted from the Netatmo database by Netatmo operators of the Netatmo system. The data have not been manipulated to meet any international data format standards. For each station there is always a metadata file 'n'.metadata.json. There are up to 4 data files associated with each station represented by a metadata file. In some cases, all 4 data files are present for the station. In other cases, only one data file is present. The 'n' in the file name allows the metadata file to be associated with the meteorological data files 1. n.pressure.historic.csv - surface pressure for station n 2. n.outdoor.historic.csv - Contains air temperature and humidity for station n 3. n.wind.historic.csv - Contains wind and gust data for station n 4. n.rain.historic.csv - rainfall data for station n The data files are semi-colon separated and use UNIX epoch time *Countries present in the Netatmo dataset Austria, Spain, Iceland, Norway, Belgium, Finland, Italy, Poland, Switzerland, France, Luxembourg, Portugal, Cyprus, United Kingdom, Latvia, Serbia, Czech Republic, Greece, Montenegro, Sweden, Germany, Croatia, North Macedonia, Slovenia, Denmark, Hungary, Malta, Slovakia, Estonia, Ireland and the Netherlands

The UK daily rainfall data contain rainfall accumulation and precipitation amounts over a 24 hour period. The data were collected by observation stations operated by the Met Office across the UK and transmitted within the following message types: NCM, AWSDLY, DLY3208 and SSER. The data spans from 1853 to 2020. Over time a range of rain gauges have been used - see section 5.6 and the relevant message type information in the linked MIDAS User Guide for further details. This version supersedes the previous version of this dataset and a change log is available in the archive, and in the linked documentation for this record, detailing the differences between this version and the previous version. The change logs detail new, replaced and removed data. This dataset is part of the Midas-open dataset collection made available by the Met Office under the UK Open Government Licence, containing only UK mainland land surface observations owned or operated by Met Office. It is a subset of the fuller, restricted Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) Land and Marine Surface Stations dataset, also available through the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis - see the related dataset section on this record. A large proportion of the UK raingauge observing network (associated with WAHRAIN, WADRAIN and WAMRAIN for hourly, daily and monthly rainfall measurements respectively) is operated by other agencies beyond the Met Office, and are consequently currently excluded from the Midas-open dataset. Currently this represents approximately 13% of available daily rainfall observations within the full MIDAS collection.

The UK daily temperature data contain maximum and minimum temperatures (air, grass and concrete slab) measured over a period of up to 24 hours. The measurements were recorded by observation stations operated by the Met Office across the UK and transmitted within NCM, DLY3208 or AWSDLY messages. The data span from 1853 to 2019. For details on measurement techniques, including calibration information and changes in measurements, see section 5.2 of the MIDAS User Guide linked to from this record. Soil temperature data may be found in the UK soil temperature datasets linked from this record. This version supersedes the previous version of this dataset and a change log is available in the archive, and in the linked documentation for this record, detailing the differences between this version and the previous version. The change logs detail new, replaced and removed data. Of particular note, however, is that as well as including data for 2019, historical data recovery has added temperature and weather data for Bude (1937-1958), Teignmouth (1912-1930), and Eskdalemuir (1915-1948). This dataset is part of the Midas-open dataset collection made available by the Met Office under the UK Open Government Licence, containing only UK mainland land surface observations owned or operated by the Met Office. It is a subset of the fuller, restricted Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) Land and Marine Surface Stations dataset, also available through the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis - see the related dataset section on this record. Currently this represents approximately 95% of available daily temperature observations within the full MIDAS collection.

The Met Office WOW V1 dataset contains observations from all Public Weather Stations (PWS) contributing to WOW (Weather Observations Website) within Europe. The dataset is for a single year (2020), made available for use within the EUMETNET Sandbox project. EUMETNET (a grouping of 31 European National Meteorological Services) instigated the EUMETNET Sandbox project to bring novel observations and observations from technology trials and field campaigns to the research community to enable R&D activities. The data are not quality controlled and are presented in the format provided by the Met Office. The data are provided in a single file per month. The data were extracted from the WOW database using a latitude/longitude bounding box (North West corner 90N 70W to South East corner 10N 40E) so there are a small number of stations outside of Europe present. The meteorological values are unchanged from those extracted from the WoW archive. For example, there is no Quality Control of the data, no calibration of the instruments and no unit conversions have been applied. The data were extracted from the WoW archive by the Met Office operators of the WoW system. The data have not been manipulated to meet any international data format standards. The file names have been modified, from those provided by the Met Office, to contain location, data and status information. The records for each station are comma separated. Not all sites report all variables, nor at all times. In most cases only the principle meteorological variables, e.g., Air temperature, Wet bulb, etc. are present. For a full list of available parameters within the files see the 'variables' information on this record.

Midas Open is the open data version of the Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) containing land surface station data starting from 1853 and ending at the of the previous complete year. This collection comprises of hourly and daily weather measurements and observations of parameters relating to temperature, rainfall, sunshine, radiation, wind and weather observations such as present weather codes, cloud cover, snow etc. The collection contains land surface observations data from those stations where the data have been designated as public sector information. Prior to version v202407 this consisted of stations operated by the Met Office only, but from version v202407, daily and hourly rainfall observations from stations with gauges owned by the Environment Agency (EA), Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) and Natural Resources Wales (NRW) have also been included in the collection. All of these data are provided under an Open Government Licence. As such, with the v202407 release, the current collection contains the following proportions of the fuller MIDAS dataset collection: 96% of daily temperature observations 96% of daily weather observations 92% of hourly weather observations 58% of daily rainfall observations - see note below 94% of hourly rainfall observations 98% of soil temperature observations 96% of solar radiation observations 90% of mean wind observations The lower proportion of UK daily rainfall network data available in the MIDAS Open collection is a consequence of excluded rain gauges being owned by third parties (e.g. private individuals or organisations) where inclusion of the data in the collection has not yet been agreed. Other data may be excluded at present due to their historical nature and resulting issues around establishing their provenance permitting their release. The fuller "Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) Land and Marine Surface Stations Data (1853-current)" collection is made available for academic use via the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis. The MIDAS Open collection is updated annually in a delayed mode to ensure that data acquisition and quality control procedures have all been completed. Quality controlled (qc-version-1) and non-quality controlled (qc-version-0) data are available from 1853 where available, although this will vary by station depending on the operation period of the station. The collection includes stations which are currently operational as well as stations which were operational in the past and have since closed. Each version of the dataset will include data up until the end of the previous complete year relative to the year in the version number of the dataset (e.g. v202407 included data up until the end of 2023). Note: This collection does not supersede the full MIDAS collection which is also archived at CEDA.

The UK daily temperature data contain maximum and minimum temperatures (air, grass and concrete slab) measured over a period of up to 24 hours. The measurements were recorded by observation stations operated by the Met Office across the UK and transmitted within NCM, DLY3208 or AWSDLY messages. The data span from 1853 to 2023. For details on measurement techniques, including calibration information and changes in measurements, see section 5.2 of the MIDAS User Guide linked to from this record. Soil temperature data may be found in the UK soil temperature datasets linked from this record. This version supersedes the previous version of this dataset and a change log is available in the archive, and in the linked documentation for this record, detailing the differences between this version and the previous version. The change logs detail new, replaced and removed data. These include the addition of data for calendar year 2023. This dataset is part of the Midas-open dataset collection made available by the Met Office under the UK Open Government Licence, containing only UK mainland land surface observations owned or operated by the Met Office. It is a subset of the fuller, restricted Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) Land and Marine Surface Stations dataset, also available through the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis - see the related dataset section on this record. Currently this represents approximately 95% of available daily temperature observations within the full MIDAS collection.

The UK daily temperature data contain maximum and minimum temperatures (air, grass and concrete slab) measured over a period of up to 24 hours. The measurements were recorded by observation stations operated by the Met Office across the UK and transmitted within NCM, DLY3208 or AWSDLY messages. The data span from 1853 to 2020. For details on measurement techniques, including calibration information and changes in measurements, see section 5.2 of the MIDAS User Guide linked to from this record. Soil temperature data may be found in the UK soil temperature datasets linked from this record. This version supersedes the previous version of this dataset and a change log is available in the archive, and in the linked documentation for this record, detailing the differences between this version and the previous version. The change logs detail new, replaced and removed data. Of particular note, however, is that as well as including data for 2020, historical data recovery has added further data for Eskdalemuir (1915-1948) and Eastbourne (1887-1910). This dataset is part of the Midas-open dataset collection made available by the Met Office under the UK Open Government Licence, containing only UK mainland land surface observations owned or operated by the Met Office. It is a subset of the fuller, restricted Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) Land and Marine Surface Stations dataset, also available through the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis - see the related dataset section on this record. Currently this represents approximately 95% of available daily temperature observations within the full MIDAS collection.