The dataset includes results from laboratory experiments aiming to explore the reduction and polymerization potential of phosphorus under metamorphic conditions. Table 1 shows the initial composition of the starting materials, as well as the conditions under which those materials were heated to metamorphic temperatures. Table 2 shows the analytical results, including mineralogy and phosphorus speciation. The results show that phosphate polymerization occurs at moderate temperatures of a <100 to ca. 300 degrees whereas phosphate reduction increases with increasing temperature. The presence of metallic catalysts impacts both processes. The results imply that a diverse suite of phosphorus species can be created during metamorphism, which may explain previous reports of reduced phosphorus in high-grade metamorphic rocks. This is relevant for the origin of life, where such species may have been important precursors for phosphorylated biomolecules.

Organic carbon and total nitrogen isotope data for black shales and U-Pb data for apatite solutes from the Burzyan and Yurmatau groups in the Urals, Russia. For detailed discussion see Stüeken, E.E., Kuznetsov, A.B., Vasilyeva, I.M., Krupenin, M.T. and Bekker, A., 2021. Transient deep-water oxygenation recorded by rare Mesoproterozoic phosphorites, South Urals. Precambrian Research, 360, p.106242.

U-Pb isotope ratio data set for numerous phosphate (apatite) grains in two thin section samples of the LL5 S4-6 Chelyabinsk meteorite. One section is of the S4-6 light lithology, and another of the S5-6 dark lithology. Samples analysed were section ‘A' (light lithology) and section ‘B’ (dark lithology) of Chelyabinsk, both from the Open University School of Physical Sciences sample collection. The results demonstrate variability in degree of Pb-loss during collisional reheating from pristine versus damaged apatite crystal domains. These results are reported for a meteorite fall which originally happened near Chelyabinsk in Russia. The results otherwise have no geographic location, as this is a sample of an asteroid. All measurements were made in December 2020. These data were collected using Secondary Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) with a CAMECA IMS 1280 at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IGGCAS). The thin sections were polished with colloidal silica, cleaned, and coated with gold prior to analysis. Microtextural information was obtained prior to analysis using a combination of back-scatter-electron, cathodoluminescence, and electron-back-scatter-diffraction analysis. Data were obtained to test hypotheses relating to the competition between macro-to-meso-scale thermally-driven variation in Pb-loss rates versus microscale variation driven by grain-specific features, e.g., fracture networks. An article describing and discussing these results, including further methodological steps in their collection and processing, is due for publication. This information is currently available in preprint form on arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.06038