This dataset contains atmospheric data from the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model. The model is located over the Dudh Koshi Valley, and the model was run for July 2013. WRF version 3.8 was used. This data has been used to create and examine the effectiveness of a new debris-covered glacier representation in the WRF model. There are eight NetCDF files containing the data: The model with the default glacier landmask in the model (WRF_DudhKoshiHimalayas_201306_CleanIceGlaciers.nc); the model with a new representation of debris-covered glaciers (WRF_DudhKoshiHimalayas_201306_DebrisCoverGlaciers.nc); and six sensitivity tests varying albedo, emissivity and roughness length (WRF_DudhKoshiHimalayas_201306_DebrisCoverGlaciers_albedoHIGH.nc, etc).

These data are digital elevation models which describe landscape topography. The data were created to support analysis of landscape change following the 7th February 2021 avalanche-debris flow in Chamoli District, Uttarakhand, India. The data were used as standalone datasets to support this analysis, but also supported numerical modelling using CAESAR-Lisflood (see data collection). The DEMs were created from CNES/Airbus Pléiades-HR stereo satellite imagery captured in along-track mode. They are a geospatial dataset created in raster (.tif) format. They are most commonly imported into GIS software, where they can be analysed or support other forms of geospatial analysis. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/5a1eaef4-9211-4227-a017-d20b08be5784

This dataset collection contains momentum budget and snow removal experiment model data from Dudh Koshi Valley in the Nepalese Himalaya. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was run for two months, July 2013 and December 2014, to investigate the momentum budget components of the winds in the Dudh Koshi Valley. The two runs were repeated with the permanent snow and ice changed to rock. This data was collected as part of the Dynamical drivers of the local wind regime in a Himalayan valley project (NE/L002507/1).

This dataset contains momentum budget model data from Dudh Koshi Valley in the Himalayas. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was run for two months, July 2013 and January 2014, to investigate the momentum budget components of the winds in the Dudh Koshi Valley. This data was collected as part of the Dynamical drivers of the local wind regime in a Himalayan valley project (NE/L002507/1). The WRF model has been modified to output the momentum budget components. There are four nested domains, of 27 km, 9 km, 3 km and 1 km resolution. The inner 1 km is 130 km by 130 km, centred on 27.98N, 86.76E.

This dataset contains momentum budget snow removal experiment model data from Dudh Koshi Valley in the Nepalese Himalaya. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was run for two months, July 2013 and January 2014, to investigate the momentum budget components of the winds in the Dudh Koshi Valley. All the permanent snow and ice in the model has been changed to rock. This data was collected as part of the Dynamical drivers of the local wind regime in a Himalayan valley project (NE/L002507/1). The WRF model has been modified to output the momentum budget components. There are four nested domains, of 27 km, 9 km, 3 km and 1 km resolution. The inner 1 km is 130 km by 130 km, centred on 27.98N, 86.76E.

These data are GIS shapefiles which contain geospatial information describing the location and condition of bridges, buildings and roads in Chamoli District, Uttarakhand, India, following the 7th February 2021 avalanche and debris flow hazard cascade (the so-called ‘Chamoli event’). The dataset also contains a GIS shapefile which contains polygon outlines supporting geomorphological analysis of change in river valleys between the avalanche source and the town of Joshimath. The latter is designed to be used in conjunction with the other data resources contained in this data collection. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/a763e254-c249-4934-b0fb-c3b808b37db6

[This dataset is embargoed until April 1, 2026]. The dataset contains field measurements of atmospheric ammonia under forest canopies in the Himalayas in India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bhutan and in a tropical forest in Sri Lanka between 2022 and 2024. Monthly mean atmospheric ammonia concentrations are provided from 33 sites across the five countries. This dataset provides the first ever empirical measurements of ammonia from South Asian forests and can be used to estimate ecological impact, inform policy decisions, validate atmospheric chemistry transport models and satellite data and design future air quality and ecological monitoring in the region. The ammonia concentration data was collected monthly by deploying passive citric acid-coated samplers at the study locations. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/9c4aee69-3693-4f18-97c8-ff740045f3de

These data are digital elevation models (DEMs) of difference (DoD). They are a geospatial dataset created in raster (.tif) format and quantify vertical (z) topographic change between two dates. The data were created to support analysis of landscape change following the 7th February 2021 avalanche-debris flow in Chamoli District, Uttarakhand, India. The data also supported numerical modelling using CAESAR-Lisflood (see related data https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/documents/7023cb77-c797-475e-872c-6f1e2b63dcc1). They are most commonly imported into GIS software, where they can be analysed or support other forms of geospatial analysis. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/f5394eaa-5ccb-4cf7-9ee4-c057c35b8517

High-resolution simulations of daily precipitation over the Beas and Sutlej basins in the Himalaya from 1980 to 2012 were conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model by the British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK. It was shown that applying a non-linear bias-correction method to the model precipitation output resulted in much better results. The work formed part of the project 'Sustaining Himalayan Water Resources in a Changing Climate (SusHi-Wat)' during 2015 to 2018, and was funded by the UK Natural Environmental Research Council grant number NE/N015592/1. The datasets produced are necessary as accurate fine-scale estimates of precipitation over catchments in the Himalaya mountain range are required for providing input to hydrological models, as well as identifying precipitation extremes for assessing hydro-meteorological hazards.

Simulated ice thickness (ice, metres), supraglacial debris thickness (dh, metres) and velocity (velocity, metres per year) for Khumbu Glacier, Nepal, produced using the iSOSIA ice-flow model presented in Rowan et al. (in revision, Journal of Geophysical Research-Earth Surface). The files contained in this collection present the outputs from three experiments: Experiment 1, six files, three simulations showing the effect of change in mean annual air temperature to the present day from 1.5 degC to 3.5 degC relative to the Little Ice Age. Experiment 2, four files, two simulations showing the effect of change in the h0 constant describing the reduction in sub-debris melt with debris thickness. Experiment 3, four files, two simulations, showing the effect of change in mean annual air temperature to the present day from 2.5 degC to 3.5 degC relative to the Little Ice Age where h0 = 1.1 m. Results from the optimal simulation, nine files, one simulation, showing results for simulated ice thickness, supraglacial debris thickness and glacier velocity for the Little Ice Age, 1984 CE and 2015 CE. Funding was provided by the NERC grant NE/P00265X/1. ***** PLEASE BE ADVISED TO USE VERSION 2.0 DATA ***** The VERSION 2.0 data set (see 'Related Data Set Metadata' link below) differs from that presented here in Version 1.0 in that the h0 values were revised based on a maximum debris thickness of 2.0 m (compared to 4.0 m in Version 1.0) and the simulations of the active glacier extent were not part of Version 1.0.