Bioclimatic envelopes for over 200,000 plant species. The data comprises a single csv file, containing the average value of the climate envelope per species for each of the following variables: Minimum temperature (K), Maximum temperature (K), Average temperature (K), Temperature range (K), Soil temperature level 1 (K), Soil temperature level 2 (K), Soil temperature level 3 (K), Soil temperature level 4 (K), Soil water volume level 1 (m^3 / m^3), Soil water volume level 2 (m^3 / m^3), Soil water volume level 3 (m^3 / m^3), Soil water volume level 4 (m^3 / m^3), Solar radiation (J / m^2), Total precipitation (mm). Also included is taxonomic information for each species, including the phylum, class, order, family and genus, as well as the number of occurrence records that informed the envelope. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/ca339c86-3674-4030-b891-35326e71141e

The National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) Long Term Science Single Centre (LTSS) Global Ocean Lagrangian Trajectories (OLTraj) provides 30-day forward and backward Lagrangian trajectories based on surface velocities from an ocean reanalysis. Each trajectory represents the path that a water mass would move along starting at a given pixel and a given day. OLTraj can be thus used to implement analyses of oceanic data in a Lagrangian framework. The purpose of OLTraj is to allow non-specialists to conduct Lagrangian analyses of surface ocean data. The dataset has global coverage and spans 1998-2018 with a daily temporal resolution. The trajectories were generated starting from zonal and meridional model velocity fields that were integrated using the LAMTA package (6-hour time step) as described in Nencioli et al., 2018. Please see the documentation section below for further information.

This data represents the probabilistic climate projections component of the past (observed) and future climate scenario projections data, produced as part of the UK Climate Projections 2018 (UKCP18) project. Data has been produced by the UK Met Office Hadley Centre, and provides information on changes in 21st century climate for the UK, helping to inform adaptation to a changing climate. The data represents mean global temperature anomalies with respect to the baseline periods 1981-2000, 1961-1990 or 1981-2010, and cover the period 1861 to 2100. Further information on this dataset and UKCP18 can be found in the documentation section.

A global configuration of the Met Office Unified Model provides the most accurate short range deterministic forecast by any national meteorological service covering a six day period. With a resolution of approximately 0.234 x 0.153 degrees, it is able to produce selected hourly data covering the first 48 hours at surface level and at standard pressure levels twice a day. The model’s initial state is kept close to the real atmosphere using hybrid 4D-Var data assimilation. This dataset contains model data from the Met Office Unified Model (UM) operational Global Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) model. The archive currently holds data from April 2016 onwards but data will be back populated for earlier years.

Whistler-mode chorus waves play a key role in driving radiation belt dynamics by enabling both acceleration of electrons to relativistic energies as well as their loss into the atmosphere via pitch-angle scattering. The ratio between the electron plasma frequency (fpe) and the electron gyrofrequency (fce) significantly influences the efficiency of these processes, with electron acceleration being most effective during periods of low fpe/fce. In this study, a combined total of approximately 24.5 years of THEMIS wave data are analyzed to show how chorus wave intensity and spatial location vary with relative frequency, geomagnetic activity and fpe/fce. Results demonstrate that the strongest chorus emissions are observed during active conditions. At these times, equatorial chorus at low relative frequencies (flhr<f<0.1fce) is strongest when fpe/fce is high (fpe/fce>10) primarily in the region 5<L*<8, from 22:00-12:00 MLT. In sharp contrast at high relative frequencies (0.5fce<f<0.7fce), the equatorial chorus is strongest when fpe/fce is low (fpefce<6) mainly in the region 4<L*<6 from 21:00-09:00 MLT. At intermediate relative frequencies (0.3fce<f<0.4fce), equatorial chorus is strongest in the region 3.5<L*<8 from 21:00-12:00 MLT. In the off-equatorial region the strongest waves are seen in the frequency range (0.1fce<f<0.3fce) between 5<L*<8 and 06:00-15:00 MLT and again are mostly independent of fpe/fce. We show that the location of the strongest waves can be largely explained in terms of the source electrons being in the required energy range for resonance and the absence of Landau damping and highlight the regions where electron acceleration to relativistic energies is likely to be mostly significant.

The dataset contains information on rates of hatching failure, threat status, and management interventions for 244 species of birds extracted from 233 previously published studies. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/8e157aa1-a81c-436d-bb5d-e7129d91487b

Global climate model runs from 1900-2100 produced by the Met Office for UK Climate Projections 2018 (UKCP18) using the HadGEM3 climate model. The data is available at daily and monthly temporal resolutions on a N216 Gaussian grid which has a 60km resolution over the UK.

The National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) Long Term Science Single Centre (LTSS) Global Ocean Lagrangian Trajectories (OLTraj) provides 30-day forward and backward Lagrangian trajectories based on AVISO (Satellite Altimetry Data project) surface velocities. Each trajectory represents the path that a water mass would move along starting at a given pixel and a given day. OLTraj can be thus used to implement analyses of oceanic data in a Lagrangian framework. The purpose of OLTraj is to allow non-specialists to conduct Lagrangian analyses of surface ocean data. The dataset has global coverage and spans 1998-2018 with a daily temporal resolution. The trajectories were generated starting from zonal and meridional model velocity fields that were integrated using the LAMTA (6-hour time step - part of ) as described in Nencioli et al., 2018 and SPASSO (Software package for and adaptive satellite-based sampling for ocean graphic cruises containing LAMTA) software user guide. Please see the documentation section below for further information.

This dataset comprises summary statistics regarding historical and projected Southern Hemisphere total sea ice area (SIA) and 21st century global temperature change (dTAS), evaluated from the multi-model ensembles contributing to CMIP5 and CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phases 5 and 6). The metrics are evaluated for two climatological periods (1979-2014 and 2081-2100) from a number of CMIP experiments; historical, and ScenarioMIP or RCP runs. These metrics were calculated to calculate projections of future Antarctic sea ice loss, and drivers of ensemble spread in this variable, for Holmes et al. (2022) "Antarctic sea ice projections constrained by historical ice cover and future global temperature change". Funding was provided by the British Antarctic Survey Polar Science for Planet Earth Programme and under NERC large grant NE/N01829X/1

The Marine Isotopic Stage 3 (MIS 3 - between 27.8 - 59.4 thousand of years before present, hereafter ka) was characterised by millennial-scale climate fluctuations, also known as Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) oscillations. During D-O events, atmospheric and oceanic conditions alternated between warm interstadial (of up to 10-16 degrees C increase in air temperatures over Greenland) and cold stadial states (Dansgaard et al., 1993; Huber et al., 2006; Kindler et al., 2014). This dataset contains model outputs for four MIS 3 simulations run with the Bristol version of the Hadley Centre Coupled Model3 (HadCM3b). The model outputs are presented as netCDF files and contain the following variables: surface temperature, ocean temperature, Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), sea ice concentration, salinity and mixed layer depth.. The four simulations show D-O like behaviour, spontaneous D-O type oscillations. This work was funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 820970.