Radio propagation measurements at 40 GHz at Chilbolton, Hampshire for the ESA funded Large Scale Assessment of KA/Q band atmospheric channel using the ALPHASAT TDP5 Propagation beacon signal.

The data set provides calving front locations of major outlet glaciers of the Greenland Ice Sheet from SAR data from various sensors, produced as part of the ESA Greenland Ice Sheets Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project. Version 1.1 of the dataset has been updated to include information from Sentinel 1 data. The Calving Front Location (CFL) of outlet glaciers from ice sheets is a basic parameter for ice dynamic modelling, for computing the mass fluxes at the calving gate, and for mapping glacier area change. From the ice velocity at the calving front and the time sequence of Calving Front Locations the iceberg calving rate can be computed which is of relevance for estimating the export of ice mass to the ocean. The calving front location has been derived by manual delineation based on SAR or optical satellite data. The CFL product is a collection of ESRI shapefile in latitude and longitude, on WGS84 projection. The basic data are vector line files (not polygons).

The European Space Agency's Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instruments have been flown on board ERS-1, ERS-2 and the Advanced SAR (ASAR) on board Envisat. The ERS-1, ERS-2 and Envisat satellites, launched in 1991, 1995 and 2002 respectively, are ESA multi-payload, Earth observation satellites. This dataset contains Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar(ASAR) data from the European Remote Sensing satellites ERS-1 and ERS-2, and Advanced SAR data from Envisat. The ERS-1 mission began in 1991 and ended in 2000, and ERS-2 and Envisat are still ongoing. SAR provides high resolution images, ocean wave spectra data and wind direction vector data. They are available through the NEODC to UK based students only.

This dataset contains monthly-averaged land surface temperatures (LSTs) and their uncertainty estimates from multiple Infra-Red (IR) instruments on satellites in Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) and Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) sun-synchronous (a.k.a. polar orbiting) satellites. Satellite land surface temperatures are skin temperatures, which means, for example, the temperature of the ground surface in bare soil areas, the temperature of the canopy over forests, and a mix of the soil and leaf temperature over sparse vegetation. The skin temperature is an important variable when considering surface fluxes of, for instance, heat and water. LST fields are provided at 3 hourly intervals each day (00:00 UTC, 03:00 UTC, 06:00 UTC, 09:00 UTC, 12:00 UTC, 15:00 UTC, 18:00 UTC and 21:00 UTC). Per pixel uncertainty estimates are given in two forms, first, an estimate of the total uncertainty for the pixel and second, a breakdown of the uncertainty into components by correlation length. Also provided in the files, on a per pixel basis, are the observation time, the satellite viewing and the solar geometry angles. The product is based on merging of available GEO data and infilling with available LEO data outside of the GEO discs. Inter-instrument biases are accounted for by cross-calibration with the IASI instruments on METOP and LSTs are retrieved using a Generalised Split Window algorithm from all instruments. As data towards the edge of the GEO disc is known to have greater uncertainty, any datum with a satellite zenith angle of more than 60 degrees is discarded. All LSTs included have an observation time that lies within +/- 30 minutes of the file nominal Universal Time. Data from the following instruments is included in the dataset: geostationary, Imagers on Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) 12 and GOES 13, Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on GOES 16, Spinning Enhanced Visible Infra-Red Imager (SEVIRI) on Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) 1, MSG 2, MSG 3, and MSG 4, Japanese Advanced Meteorological Imager (JAMI) on Multifunctional Transport Satellite MTSAT) 1, and MTSAT 2; and polar, Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) on Environmental Satellite (Envisat), Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Earth Observation System (EOS) - Aqua and EOS - Terra, Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer SLSTR on Sentinel-3A and Sentinel-3B. However, it should be noted that which instruments contribute to a particular product file depends on depends on mission start and end dates and instrument downtimes. Dataset coverage starts on 1st January 2009 and ends on 31st December 2020. LSTs are provided on a global equal angle grid at a resolution of 0.05° longitude and 0.05° latitude. The dataset coverage is nominally global over the land surface but varies depending on satellite and instrument availability and coverage. Furthermore, LSTs are not produced where clouds are present since under these circumstances the IR radiometer observes the cloud top which is usually much colder than the surface. The dataset was produced by the University of Leicester (UoL) and data were processed in the UoL processing chain. The Geostationary data were produced by the Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA) before being merged into the final dataset. The dataset was produced as part of the ESA Land Surface Temperature Climate Change Initiative which strives to improve satellite datasets to Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) standards.

The ESA Fire Climate Change Initiative (Fire_cci) project is producing long-term datasets of burned area information from satellites, as part of the ESA Climate Change Initiative. The data is of use for those interested in historical burned patterns, fire management and emissions analysis and climate change research, by providing a consistent burned area time series. Current datasets consist of maps of global burned area for the years 1982 to 2019. Products are available at different spatial resolutions: the Pixel product (at the original resolution of the sensor data) and the Grid product (0.25 degrees resolution), the latter of which is produced from the Pixel product. They are based upon spectral information from different sensors, and in many cases also thermal information from active fires. Global products: FireCCI41: Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) reflectance, on board the ENVISAT ESA satellite, 300m spatial resolution, and MODIS active fires. Temporal resolution: 2005 – 2011. FireCCI50: Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) reflectance and active fires, on board the TERRA satellite, 250m spatial resolution, temporal resolution: 2001 – 2016. FireCCI51: Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) reflectance and active fires, on board the TERRA satellite, 250m spatial resolution, temporal resolution: 2001 – 2019. FireCCILT10 (beta product): Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Land Long Term Data Record (LTDR) reflectance. Provided only as grid product. Temporal resolution: 1982-2017. Continental products: FireCCISFD11: Multispectral Instrument (MSI) reflectance, on board the Sentinel-2A satellite, 20 spatial resolution, and MODIS active fires. Temporal resolution: 2016, spatial coverage: Sub-Saharan Africa.

Soil Moisture data (version 03.2) from the European Space Agency's (ESA) Soil Moisture Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project. This dataset collection contains three surface soil moisture datasets, alongside ancilliary data products. The 'Active' and 'Passive' products have been created by fusing scatterometer and radiometer soil moisture products respectively. In the case of the 'Active' product, these have been derived from AMI-WS and ASCAT satellite instruments and for the 'Passive' product from the instruments SMMR, SSM/I, TMI, AMSR-E, WindSat, AMSR2 and SMOS. The 'Combined Product' is then a blended product based on the former two data sets. The homogenized and merged products present a global coverage of surface soil moisture at a spatial resolution of 0.25 degrees. The products are provided as global daily images, in NetCDF-4 classic file format, the Passive and Combined products covering the period (yyyy-mm-dd) 1978-11-01 to 2014-12-31 and the Active product covering 1991-08-05 to 2014-12-31. The soil moisture data for the Passive and the Combined product are provided in volumetric units [m3 m-3], while the active soil moisture data are expressed in percent of saturation [%]. For information regarding the theoretical and algorithmic base of the datasets, please see the Algorithm Theoretical Baseline Document (ATBD) or the paper by Wagner 2012, both available in linked documentation. Other additional documentation and information documentation relating to the datasets can also be found on the CCI Soil Moisture project web site or in the Product Specification Document. The data set should be cited using all three of the following references: 1. Dorigo, W.A., Wagner, W., Albergel, C., Albrecht, F., Balsamo, G., Brocca, L., Chung, D., Ertl, M., Forkel, M., Gruber, A., Haas, E., Hamer, D. P. Hirschi, M., Ikonen, J., De Jeu, R. Kidd, R. Lahoz, W., Liu, Y.Y., Miralles, D., Lecomte, P. (2017). ESA CCI Soil Moisture for improved Earth system understanding: State-of-the art and future directions. In Remote Sensing of Environment, 2017, ISSN 0034-4257, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.07.001 2. Gruber, A., Dorigo, W. A., Crow, W., Wagner W. (2017). Triple Collocation-Based Merging of Satellite Soil Moisture Retrievals. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. PP. 1-13. 10.1109/TGRS.2017.2734070 3. Liu, Y.Y., Dorigo, W.A., Parinussa, R.M., de Jeu, R.A.M. , Wagner, W., McCabe, M.F., Evans, J.P., van Dijk, A.I.J.M. (2012). Trend-preserving blending of passive and active microwave soil moisture retrievals, Remote Sensing of Environment, 123, 280-297, doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2012.03.014

Soil Moisture data (version 02.2) from the European Space Agency's (ESA) Soil Moisture Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project. This dataset collection contains three surface soil moisture datasets, alongside ancilliary data products. The 'Active' and 'Passive' products have been created by fusing scatterometer and radiometer soil moisture products respectively. In the case of the 'Active' product, these have been derived from AMI-WS and ASCAT satellite instruments and for the 'Passive' product from the instruments SMMR, SSM/I, TMI, AMSR-E, WindSat, and AMSR2. The 'Combined Product' is then a blended product based on the former two data sets. The homogenized and merged products present a global coverage of surface soil moisture at a spatial resolution of 0.25 degrees. The products are provided as global daily images, in NetCDF-4 classic file format, the Passive and Combined products covering the period (yyyy-mm-dd) 1978-11-01 to 2014-12-31 and the Active product covering 1991-08-05 to 2014-12-31. The soil moisture data for the Passive and the Combined product are provided in volumetric units [m3 m-3], while the active soil moisture data are expressed in percent of saturation [%]. For information regarding the theoretical and algorithmic base of the datasets, please see the Algorithm Theoretical Baseline Document (ATBD) or the paper by Wagner 2012, both available in linked documentation. Other additional documentation and information documentation relating to the datasets can also be found on the CCI Soil Moisture project web site or in the Product Specification Document. The data set should be cited using all three of the following references: 1. Liu, Y. Y., W. A. Dorigo, et al. (2012). "Trend-preserving blending of passive and active microwave soil moisture retrievals." Remote Sensing of Environment 123: 280-297. 2. Liu, Y. Y., Parinussa, R. M., Dorigo, W. A., De Jeu, R. A. M., Wagner, W., van Dijk, A. I. J. M., McCabe, M. F., Evans, J. P. (2011). Developing an improved soil moisture dataset by blending passive and active microwave satellite-based retrievals. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 15, 425-436 3. Wagner, W., W. Dorigo, R. de Jeu, D. Fernandez, J. Benveniste, E. Haas, M. Ertl (2012). Fusion of active and passive microwave observations to create an Essential Climate Variable data record on soil moisture. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences (ISPRS Annals), Volume I-7, XXII ISPRS Congress, Melbourne, Australia, 25 August-1 September 2012, 315-321

Soil Moisture data (version 03.3) from the European Space Agency's (ESA) Soil Moisture Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project. This dataset collection contains three surface soil moisture datasets, alongside ancilliary data products. The 'Active' and 'Passive' products have been created by fusing scatterometer and radiometer soil moisture products respectively. In the case of the 'Active' product, these have been derived from AMI-WS and ASCAT satellite instruments and for the 'Passive' product from the instruments SMMR, SSM/I, TMI, AMSR-E, WindSat, AMSR2 and SMOS. The 'Combined Product' is then a blended product based on the former two data sets. The homogenized and merged products present a global coverage of surface soil moisture at a spatial resolution of 0.25 degrees. The products are provided as global daily images, in NetCDF-4 classic file format, the Passive and Combined products covering the period (yyyy-mm-dd) 1978-11-01 to 2016-12-31 and the Active product covering 1991-08-05 to 2016-12-31. The soil moisture data for the Passive and the Combined product are provided in volumetric units [m3 m-3], while the active soil moisture data are expressed in percent of saturation [%]. For information regarding the theoretical and algorithmic base of the datasets, please see the Algorithm Theoretical Baseline Document (ATBD). Other additional documentation and information documentation relating to the datasets can also be found on the CCI Soil Moisture project web site or in the Product Specification Document. The data set should be cited using all three of the following references: 1. Dorigo, W.A., Wagner, W., Albergel, C., Albrecht, F., Balsamo, G., Brocca, L., Chung, D., Ertl, M., Forkel, M., Gruber, A., Haas, E., Hamer, D. P. Hirschi, M., Ikonen, J., De Jeu, R. Kidd, R. Lahoz, W., Liu, Y.Y., Miralles, D., Lecomte, P. (2017). ESA CCI Soil Moisture for improved Earth system understanding: State-of-the art and future directions. In Remote Sensing of Environment, 2017, ISSN 0034-4257, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.07.001 2. Gruber, A., Dorigo, W. A., Crow, W., Wagner W. (2017). Triple Collocation-Based Merging of Satellite Soil Moisture Retrievals. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. PP. 1-13. 10.1109/TGRS.2017.2734070 3. Liu, Y.Y., Dorigo, W.A., Parinussa, R.M., de Jeu, R.A.M. , Wagner, W., McCabe, M.F., Evans, J.P., van Dijk, A.I.J.M. (2012). Trend-preserving blending of passive and active microwave soil moisture retrievals, Remote Sensing of Environment, 123, 280-297, doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2012.03.014

Soil Moisture data (version 04.2) from the European Space Agency's (ESA) Soil Moisture Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project. This dataset collection contains three surface soil moisture datasets, alongside ancilliary data products. The 'Active' and 'Passive' products have been created by fusing scatterometer and radiometer soil moisture products respectively. In the case of the 'Active' product, these have been derived from AMI-WS and ASCAT instruments and for the 'Passive' product from the instruments SMMR, SSM/I, TMI, AMSR-E, WindSat, AMSR2 and SMOS. The 'Combined Product' is then a blended product based on the former two data sets. The homogenized and merged products present a global coverage of surface soil moisture at a spatial resolution of 0.25 degrees. The products are provided as global daily images, in NetCDF-4 classic file format, the Passive and Combined products covering the period (yyyy-mm-dd) 1978-11-01 to 2016-12-31 and the Active product covering 1991-08-05 to 2016-12-31. The soil moisture data for the Passive and the Combined product are provided in volumetric units [m3 m-3], while the active soil moisture data are expressed in percent of saturation [%]. For information regarding the theoretical and algorithmic base of the datasets, please see the Algorithm Theoretical Baseline Document (ATBD). Other additional documentation and information documentation relating to the datasets can also be found on the CCI Soil Moisture project web site or in the Product Specification Document. The data set should be cited using the all three of the following references: 1. Dorigo, W.A., Wagner, W., Albergel, C., Albrecht, F., Balsamo, G., Brocca, L., Chung, D., Ertl, M., Forkel, M., Gruber, A., Haas, E., Hamer, D. P. Hirschi, M., Ikonen, J., De Jeu, R. Kidd, R. Lahoz, W., Liu, Y.Y., Miralles, D., Lecomte, P. (2017). ESA CCI Soil Moisture for improved Earth system understanding: State-of-the art and future directions. In Remote Sensing of Environment, 2017, ISSN 0034-4257, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.07.001 2. Gruber, A., Dorigo, W. A., Crow, W., Wagner W. (2017). Triple Collocation-Based Merging of Satellite Soil Moisture Retrievals. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. PP. 1-13. 10.1109/TGRS.2017.2734070 3. Liu, Y.Y., Dorigo, W.A., Parinussa, R.M., de Jeu, R.A.M. , Wagner, W., McCabe, M.F., Evans, J.P., van Dijk, A.I.J.M. (2012). Trend-preserving blending of passive and active microwave soil moisture retrievals, Remote Sensing of Environment, 123, 280-297, doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2012.03.014

Soil Moisture data (version 05.2) from the European Space Agency's (ESA) Soil Moisture Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project. This dataset collection contains three surface soil moisture datasets, alongside ancilliary data products. The ACTIVE and PASSIVE products have been created by fusing satellite scatterometer and radiometer soil moisture products respectively. In the case of the ACTIVE product, these have been derived from the AMI-WS and ASCAT satellite instruments and for the PASSIVE product from the satellite instruments SMMR, SSM/I, TMI, AMSR-E, WindSat, AMSR2, SMOS and SMAP. The COMBINED product is generated from the Level 2 active and passive instruments.. The homogenized and merged products present a global coverage of surface soil moisture at a spatial resolution of 0.25 degrees. The products are provided as global daily images, in NetCDF-4 classic file format, the PASSIVE and COMBINED products covering the period (yyyy-mm-dd) 1978-11-01 to 2019-12-31 and the ACTIVE product covering 1991-08-05 to 2019-12-31. The soil moisture data for the PASSIVE and the COMBINED product are provided in volumetric units [m3 m-3], while the ACTIVE soil moisture data are expressed in percent of saturation [%]. For information regarding the theoretical and algorithmic base of the datasets, please see the Algorithm Theoretical Baseline Document (ATBD). Other additional documentation and information documentation relating to the datasets can also be found on the CCI Soil Moisture project web site or in the Product Specification Document. The data set should be cited using the all of the following references: 1. Gruber, A., Scanlon, T., van der Schalie, R., Wagner, W., and Dorigo, W. (2019). Evolution of the ESA CCI Soil Moisture climate data records and their underlying merging methodology, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 717–739, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-717-2019 2. Dorigo, W.A., Wagner, W., Albergel, C., Albrecht, F., Balsamo, G., Brocca, L., Chung, D., Ertl, M., Forkel, M., Gruber, A., Haas, E., Hamer, D. P. Hirschi, M., Ikonen, J., De Jeu, R. Kidd, R. Lahoz, W., Liu, Y.Y., Miralles, D., Lecomte, P. (2017). ESA CCI Soil Moisture for improved Earth system understanding: State-of-the art and future directions. In Remote Sensing of Environment, 2017, ISSN 0034-4257, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.07.001 3. Gruber, A., Dorigo, W. A., Crow, W., Wagner W. (2017). Triple Collocation-Based Merging of Satellite Soil Moisture Retrievals. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. PP. 1-13. 10.1109/TGRS.2017.2734070