The dataset comprises of compilations of new and published age data constraining glacier advance, retreat and aquatic moss layers in lakes from the South Shetland Islands. The data were used in data analysis in the following manuscripts to constrain deglaciation and glacier dynamics on Potter Peninsula and Fildes Peninsula, King George Island South Shetland Islands: Heredia Barion P, Roberts SJ, Spiegel C, Binnie SA, Wacker L, Davies J, et al. (submitted - a) Mid-late Holocene deglaciation and glacier readvances on the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, NW Antarctic Peninsula. The Holocene. Heredia Barion P, Strelin JA, Roberts SJ, Spiegel C, Wacker L, Niedermann S, et al. (submitted - b). Holocene deglaciation, glacial dynamics and the geomorphology of Potter Peninsula, King George Island (Isla 25 de Mayo), NW Antarctic Peninsula. Frontiers in Earth Science. Data collected in this study were funded by: Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra (CICTERRA), the Direccion Nacional del Antartico/Instituto Antartico Argentino (DNA/IAA) in the framework of the Project PICTA, 2011 - 0102, IAA "Geomorfologia y Geologia Glaciar del Archipielago James Ross e Islas Shetland del Sur, Sector Norte de la Peninsula Antartica"; the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) research program Polar regions and Coasts in a changing Earth System (PACES II); IMCONet (FP7 IRSES, action no. 318718); the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC/BAS-CGS Grant no.81); the NERC/BAS science programmes CACHE-PEP: Natural climate variability - extending the Americas palaeoclimate transect through the Antarctic Peninsula to the pole and GRADES-QWAD: Quaternary West Antarctic Deglaciations. We thank the crews of the Argentine research station "Carlini" and the adjoined German Dallmann-Labor (AWI) Laboratory, the Uruguayan research station "Artigas", the Russian Bellingshausen Station, the Chinese Great Wall Station, Base Presidente Eduardo Frei Montalva, the Brazilian Navy Almirante Maximiano, the UK Navy HMS Endurance and NERC/BAS James Clark Ross for logistical support during the 2006, 2011, 2014 and 2015 field seasons.

Dataset includes 2 sets of data on Streptophyte glacier algal photophysiology as assessed through Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) fluorometry of communities sampled from the surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet during summer 2024. The first set of responses are of communities sampled from fully exposed versus shaded regions of ice measured through rapid light curve techniques after 5 minutes of dark adaptation. The other set of responses are the same surface ice samples measured after 24 hours of dark-adaptation and melt. Analysis of rapid light curve datasets to highlight fine-scale heterogeneity in glacier algal in-situ photophysiology are published in Williamson et al. (2024). This marks the first time an in-situ method has been developed to map glacier algal photophysiology relative to dominant abiotic stressors. Funding provided by the following: Leverhulme Trust "iDAPT" project RPG2020-199 National Environmental Research Council "CASP-ICE" project NE/Y002636/1 ERC Synergy "Deep Purple" project 856416

The dataset consists of a single shapefile containing terminus positions of Jakobshavn Isbrae, Ilulissat Icefjord, Greenland, between 2022-2023. Jakobshavn Isbrae is a fast-flowing outlet glacier situated in central west Greenland and terminates in Ilulissat Icefjord, a deep fjord basin renewed by water from Disko Bay (Gladish et al., 2015). Each polyline feature in this dataset reflects a terminus position manually digitised using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) mosaics downloaded from the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC; Joughin, 2021). The dataset comprises 31 terminus positions in total, each digitised from imagery collected between 02/01/2022 and 28/12/2022. Hannah Picton acknowledges funding from the E4 DTP (Edinburgh Earth, Ecology and Environment Doctoral Training Partnership), NE/S007407/1.

The datasets are temperature time series from strings of thermistors, each located at a discrete depth within one of six boreholes into Khumbu Glacier, Nepal. Boreholes were drilled in May 2017 and 2018 to investigate the internal properties of Khumbu Glacier, specifically ice thickness, temperature, deformation and structure, as part of the NERC-funded ''EverDrill'' research project. Supporting borehole information is provided as a related dataset. The data are presented in whole or in part in Miles et al. (2018). Funding was provided by the NERC grant NE/P00265X/1 and NE/P002021/1.

The datasets are ice tilt time series from strings of accelerometers, each located at a discrete depth within one of three boreholes into Khumbu Glacier, Nepal. Ice deformation can be derived from this tilt data, but has not yet been calculated. Boreholes were drilled in May 2017 and 2018 to investigate the internal properties of Khumbu Glacier, specifically ice thickness, temperature, deformation and structure, as part of the NERC-funded ''EverDrill'' research project. Supporting borehole information is provided as a related dataset. Funding was provided by the NERC grant NE/P00265X/1 and NE/P002021/1.

The datasets are basal probe sensor time series measuring suspended sediment concentration, water pressure, electrical conductivity and temperature. Each sensor was located at a discrete depth within one of six boreholes into Khumbu Glacier, Nepal. Boreholes were drilled in May 2017 and 2018 to investigate the internal properties of Khumbu Glacier, specifically ice thickness, temperature, deformation and structure, as part of the NERC-funded ''EverDrill'' research project. Supporting borehole information is provided as a related dataset. Funding was provided by the NERC grant NE/P00265X/1 and NE/P002021/1.

This archive is a suite of ground penetrating radar (GPR) data acquired by Project MIDAS during field campaigns on Larsen C, in 2014 and 2015. All data were acquired with a Sensors&Software pulsEKKO PRO GPR system, fitted with antennas of 200 MHz centre-frequency. The system was towed behind a snowmobile, with distances recorded with GPS. These data are part of the NERC-funded MIDAS (''Impact of surface melt and ponding on ice shelf dynamics and stability'') research project, with grant references NE/L006707/1 and NE/L005409/1. Other MIDAS data are available.

This data contains the model output of three numerical inversions of Pine Island Glacier ice surface velocities performed with the Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM2.0). The first and second simulations are inversions of the 1996 and 2014 velocity, respectively. The third simulation is a sensitivity experiment on the 2014 inversion. The gridded data consists of the ice surface velocity, basal velocity, basal stress, basal melt rates, and basal water fluxes, calculated for Pine Island Glacier catchment area. This data was created within the iSTAR-C programme (with NERC grant reference NE/J005800/1).

This dataset provides a map of the Antarctic grounding zone. The map is assembled using CryoSat-2 satellite radar altimetry data spanning between 2010-2017. This dataset provides both the limit of tidal flexure (point F) and hydrostatic equilibrium (point H) of the grounding zone. Funding was provided by the NERC grant NE/N011511/1.

The data consists of observed terminus position and modelled ocean temperature, air temperature and runoff for 10 tidewater glaciers in east Greenland, 1990-2015. The glaciers are (listed from south to north) Mogens 3, Tingmjarmiut 1, AP Bernstorffs Glacier, Helheim Glacier, Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier, Borggraven, Vestfjord Glacier, Daugaard-Jensen Glacier, Waltershausen Glacier, Heinkel Glacier. Values are given as annual means. Glacier terminus positions are derived directly from remote sensing observations. Ocean temperature is based on the mean 200-400m temperature from GLORYS2V3 1/4 deg ocean reanalysis, obtained from the nearest cell of sufficient depth and adjusted to better agree with available in situ observations. Air temperature is based on the May-September mean of monthly temperatures from European Reanalysis (ERA)-Interim global atmospheric reanalysis, while Q is obtained from a 1-km surface melting, retention, and runoff model forced using ERA-Interim reanalysis. These data were compiled to study the relationship between environmental forcings and tidewater glacier retreat in east Greenland, as published by Cowton et al (2018). Funding was provided by the NERC grants NE/K015249/1 and NE/K014609/1.