Data comprise location (zone of interest, village name, site code, longitude, latitude, altitude and slope), local tree species name, tree code and tree diameter class of trees selected for direct measurements in the Ankeniheny Zahamena forest corridor, the remains of the evergreen forest of eastern Madagascar. Data were collected as part of a project funded by the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme under work package 4, P4GES project, grant references: NE/K008692/1, NE/K010115/1, and NE/K010220/1. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/a242e145-21f6-4c3c-b8e4-adce70e50d85

Data comprise records of percent vegetation cover using a category known as the Braun-Blanquet scale from a survey of indicator vegetation species carried out in the Ankeniheny Zahamena forest corridor in Madagascar. In addition, scientific name, local name, family name and life form (fern, shrub, herb, grass, vine or tree) of vegetation was recorded. Data were collected as part of a project funded by the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme under work package 4 P4GES project. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/b31330cc-743c-431e-95cd-68b316efed0b

Data comprise a forest inventory (tree name (local, scientific, genera, family), diameter, height), dendrometric tree characteristics (tree species, weight (branches, leaves, trunk), diameter, height, coordinates, distance, location) and aboveground biomass data (litter and root mat depth, biomass and carbon stock of living vegetation (sapling, tree and understorey), non-living vegetation (litter), lying dead wood and standing dead wood) sampled in the Ankeniheny Zahamena Forest Corridor (remains of the evergreen forest of eastern Madagascar). Living vegetation includes woody and herbaceous above soil vegetation including stems, branches, bark, seeds, and foliage (IPCC, 2006). Litter includes all non-living biomass with a size greater than the limit for soil organic matter (suggested 2 mm) and less than the minimum diameter chosen for lying dead wood (e.g. 10 cm) in various states of decomposition above or within the mineral or organic soil (IPCC, 2006). Dead wood includes all non-living woody biomass not contained in the litter, either standing, lying on the ground, or in the soil (IPCC, 2006). Understorey includes herbaceous vegetation in forests and fallows. Data were collected as part of a project funded under the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme. Work package 4 P4GES project, grant references: NE/K008692/1, NE/K010115/1, and NE/K010220-1 Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/cbeea40f-8e35-4875-8b49-815e04f0cbd9

Data comprise soil profile (soil texture and pit description during fieldwork) and soil chemistry (bulk density, carbon content, carbon stock and organic carbon content obtained with thirteen carbon isotope analysis) from samples taken in the Ankeniheny Zahamena forest corridor, Madagascar. Data were collected as part of a project funded by the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme under work package 4 P4GES project, grant references: NE/K008692/1, NE/K010115/1, and NE/K010220-1. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/c3884aa0-b083-469d-8a0d-fdbbb79aff05

Data comprise root weight (fresh and dry), root biomass and carbon stock, root mat measurements, root architecture, litter measurements and pivot, stump and surface root data for trees selected using the Voronoi or Pit method and sampled in the Ankeniheny Zahamena forest corridor, the remains of the evergreen forest of eastern Madagascar. Data were collected as part of a project funded under the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme. Work package 4 P4GES project, grant references: NE/K008692/1, NE/K010115/1, and NE/K010220-1 Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/993c5778-e139-4171-a57f-7a0f396be4b8