Analyses of volcanic glasses from a range of oceanic islands (Samoa, Cook-Australs, Iceland) and mid-ocean ridges (Reykjanes Ridge). Each glass sample was analysed for the concentrations of >60 elements, using a combination of electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and secondary ion microprobe (SIMS) analysis. Detailed analytical techniques that were used to produce the data are presented in Wieser et al. (2020) and Reekie et al. (2019).

Backscattered electron image (BSE) images of ocean island basalt samples from four volcanic systems in Iceland (Holuhraun, Skuggafjoll, Laki and Eyjafjallajokull) and two eruption sites on Pico Island in the Azores (samples PI-011 and PI-041). These samples are described in the following manuscript: Neave, David A., Alexander G. Stewart, Margaret E. Hartley, and Olivier Namur. ‘Iron Valence Systematics in Clinopyroxene Crystals from Ocean Island Basalts’. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 179 (2024): 67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-024-02144-x.

lectron probe analyses of the composition of plagioclase macocrysts from the 2021 eruption of the Fagradalsfjall eruption in Iceland. These were collected in profiles from rim-to-core and were designed for diffusion chronometry applications. This will be published in a article (in press in late 2022) in the journal Geology and with lead author Kahl. Analyses of a secondary standard across the many days of analytical sessions are also provided.

High precision electron-probe analysis of olivine compositions from a set of ocean island basalts. Accompanied by thin section scans and QEMSCAN (Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by SCANning) compositional maps.

Multi-anvil experiments were performed both in static and deformation geometries on olivine polymorphs and MORB (Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt) -composition garnetite. Faults were induced by uniaxial compression in both garnetite and wadsleyite but only the garnetite showed evidence of thermal run away to melting. These results suggest that strain localisation by thermal feedback might be an important mechanism for triggering deep earthquakes in the crustal portion of subducted slabs in the deeper transition zone (~500-660 km depth).

The dataset includes abundances of major, minor and trace elements, as well as abundances and isotopic ratios of organic carbon, of rock samples from a stromatolite-bearing horizon in the Mount Ada Basalt in the Pilbara Craton in Western Australia, 3.47 Ga. The section contains the oldest known large domal stromatolites. The data indicate hydrothermal nutrient sources and limited influx of felsic detrital material.

Data consist of electron microprobe, SEM, ICP-MS in laser and solution mode, and images of crystal mounts and thin sections, La Palma 2021. 35 samples of basalt, erupted during the 2021 Cumbre Vieja eruption on La Palma, Canary Islands, were collected in February 2022. The basalt samples were prepared for various kinds of analysis: powdered for ICP-MS (whole rock trace elements including chalcophile elements), made into thin sections for petrological analysis (imaged and mapped using Scanning Electron Microscope), and crushed and crystals picked and mounted for targeted microanalysis of melt inclusions, crystals using Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA, for major elements and volatiles S, Cl and F) and laser ablation ICP-MS (for trace elements including chalcophile elements). The overall aim of the project was to look at the chalcophile element abundance and distribution in the magmas feeding the eruption. The data here relate to a NERC Exploring the Frontiers project.

The data are magnesium (Mg) isotope composition, i.e. the relative difference of isotope ratios as defined in Coplen (2011, doi: 10.1002/rcm.5129). The reference was DSM-3 (see Galy et al., 2003, doi: 10.1039/b309273a) and data are given in per mil. Samples consisted of terrestrial peridotites and basalts as well as a suite of meteorites including chondrites, shergottites, diogenites and one angrite. A large portion of the data have been published in Hin et al. (2017, doi: 10.1038/nature23899).

Major and trace element data for olivine- and plagioclase-hosted silicate melt inclusions, their host minerals, and associated matrix glasses, from Midfell, Snaefellsjokull and Oraefajokull, Iceland. Melt inclusion compositions are provided as measured, and corrected for post-entrapment crystallization. Reflected light images of the melt inclusions.

Vanadium and Zinc isotopic compositions of powdered basalt samples from the active volcanic zones of Iceland. These samples have been extensively characterised for other geochemical quantities in a series of papers (Marshall et al, 2022, Barry et al., 2014; Caracciolo, 2021; Caracciolo et al., 2020; Füri et al., 2010; Halldórsson et al., 2016a, 2016b; Macpherson et al., 2005; Rasmussen et al., 2020).