faac4156-047d-47ba-9e31-1a4f766bfdf8 eng utf8 dataset dataset NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre +44 (0)1223 221400 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk https://www.bas.ac.uk/team/business-teams/information-services/uk-polar-data-centre/ information pointOfContact 2023-01-18 ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata ISO 19115:2003(E) European Petroleum Survey Group (EPSG) Geodetic Parameter Registry 2008-11-12 publication European Petroleum Survey Group EPSGadministrator@iogp.org https://www.epsg-registry.org/ EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset The EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset is a structured dataset of Coordinate Reference Systems and Coordinate Transformations, accessible through this online registry. information publisher urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3031 6.18.3 Airborne synthetic aperture radar ice-sounding depth profiles from Recovery Ice Stream 2016/17, and calibration data from Rothera 2016/17 and 2019/20 2023-01-18 creation 2023-01-18 revision 2023-01-18 publication 2023-01-18 released 1.0 https://doi.org/10.5285/faac4156-047d-47ba-9e31-1a4f766bfdf8 doi GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01708 https://data.bas.ac.uk/ NE/L013444/1 award Please cite this item as: Arenas Pingarron, A., Corr, H., Jordan, T., Robinson, C., Nicholls, K., & Smith, A. (2023). Airborne synthetic aperture radar ice-sounding depth profiles from Recovery Ice Stream 2016/17, and calibration data from Rothera 2016/17 and 2019/20 (Version 1.0) [Data set]. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/faac4156-047d-47ba-9e31-1a4f766bfdf8 This data set corresponds to the processing of data acquired by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) PASIN2 (Polarimetric Airborne Scientific INstrument, mark 2), designed for deep ice sounding and basal 3D-mapping. The dataset includes the processed calibration data collected over the sea surface near Rothera Research Station during the Antarctic Summers campaigns in 2016/17 FISS (Filchner Ice Shelf System) and 2019/20 BEAMISH (Bed Access, Monitoring and Ice Sheet History) projects, and the processed SAR images as depth profiles in the Recovery Ice Stream near its grounding line, in 2016/17 (FISS). With multiple antennas for transmission and reception at 150-MHz central frequency, and an across-track physical array, PASIN2 resolves the ambiguities for distinguishing between scatterers from port and starboard directions. After processing several 2D SAR images (range and along-track dimensions) with transmitter-receiver pairs, the directional ambiguities are resolved, obtaining the across-track Direction of Arrival (DoA, elevation angle) estimation. Finally, from the 3D geometry of range, along-track and across-track angle, the real depths and across-track distances are estimated, regarding the case of the incorrectly assumed vertical DoA of a single SAR image. The calibration flights assessed and validated the instrument antenna patterns and processing performances. In this dataset, only the simulated and measured antenna patterns, and SAR and DoA images are included. By resolving directional ambiguities and accounting for reflector across-track location, the true ice thickness and bed elevation are obtained, thereby removing the error of the usual assumption of vertical DoA, that greatly influence the output of flow models of ice dynamics. This work was supported by NERC grant reference NE/L013444/1. No credit. completed Arenas Pingarron, Alvaro British Antarctic Survey Researcher author Corr, Hugh British Antarctic Survey Researcher author Jordan, Tom British Antarctic Survey Researcher author Robinson, Carl British Antarctic Survey Researcher author Nicholls, Keith British Antarctic Survey Researcher author Smith, Andrew British Antarctic Survey Researcher author NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre +44 (0)1223 221400 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk https://www.bas.ac.uk/team/business-teams/information-services/uk-polar-data-centre/ information pointOfContact asNeeded completed EARTH SCIENCE > Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets > Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation EARTH SCIENCE > Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets > Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness EARTH SCIENCE > Spectral/Engineering > Radar > Radar Imagery EARTH SCIENCE > Cryosphere > Glaciers/Ice Sheets EARTH SCIENCE > Spectral/Engineering > Radar theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026-01-27 publication 23 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD United States of America https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher Antarctica Recovery Ice Stream aerogeophysics ice thickness synthetic aperture radar theme Filchner Ice Shelf, Recovery Glacier Antarctica Adelaide Island, Rothera Research Station Antarctica place Elevation theme GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2021-01-06 revision otherRestrictions no limitations to public access otherRestrictions no limitations license Open Government Licence v3.0 otherRestrictions Data supplied under Open Government Licence v3.0 otherRestrictions No restrictions apply. doi doi crossReference doi doi crossReference url url largerWorkCitation url url largerWorkCitation url url largerWorkCitation url url crossReference url url dependency doi doi crossReference doi doi crossReference textTable eng utf8 elevation geoscientificInformation -37.3489 -36.5203 -81.2999 -80.7694 2016-12-21 2017-01-23 392.2291 846.4242 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::5714 MSL height Not specific to any location or epoch. Hydrography. It is recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of any data, and that the author be contacted with any questions regarding appropriate use. If you find any errors or omissions, please report them to polardatacentre@bas.ac.uk. NERC EDS UK Polar Data Centre +44 (0)1223 221400 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge Cambridgeshire CB3 0ET United Kingdom PDCServiceDesk@bas.ac.uk https://www.bas.ac.uk/team/business-teams/information-services/uk-polar-data-centre/ information distributor image/tiff text/plain application/x-hdf application/netcdf bytes 717016269 https://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=faac4156-047d-47ba-9e31-1a4f766bfdf8 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Get Data Download data download bytes 717016269 https://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=faac4156-047d-47ba-9e31-1a4f766bfdf8 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Get Data Download data download bytes 717016269 https://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=faac4156-047d-47ba-9e31-1a4f766bfdf8 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Get Data Download data download bytes 717016269 https://ramadda.data.bas.ac.uk/repository/entry/show?entryid=faac4156-047d-47ba-9e31-1a4f766bfdf8 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Get Data Download data download dataset Methodology: The raw data was collected by the airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) PASIN2. It is 150-MHz coherent pulsed radar, transmitting chirped pulses with linear frequency sweep, with 13 MHz bandwidth and effective pulse repetition frequency 125 Hz. On board of a De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter aircraft, in ice-sounding flights the nominal speed is 60 m/s, and the terrain clearance (height above closest surface) is 300 m. PASIN2 has 12 antenna elements: 8 underwing folded-dipoles switching between transmit (TX) and receive (RX) modes, and 4 printed-dipoles being RX-only attached to the fuselage belly. The data processing is performed off-line, consisting of: 1) channel calibration; 2) 2D SAR imaging, based on pulse-compression for range dimension, and back-projection for along-track dimension; 3) Direction of Arrival estimation (DoA) of the remaining across-track angle, based on the non-linear MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) algorithm, by using several SAR images from different transmitters or receivers; and 4) 3D-mapping from the three dimensions of range, along-track and across-track angle, by correcting the real depths and across-track distances, regarding the case of incorrectly assumed vertical DoA of a single SAR image. In this dataset are included: the SAR and DoA images from nominal surveying flights above the Recovery Glacier; and calibration data and the measured antenna patterns, from calibration flights above the sea surface near Rothera Research Station. Data collection: PASIN2 (Polarimetric Airborne Scientific INstrument, mark 2) radar; Matlab R2020b software. The parameter files used for processing, and a script for generating the plots with antenna patterns, are in the open repository https://github.com/antarctica/calibration-processing-parameters-PASIN2.git. Data quality: The amplitude and relative phase of the antenna patterns in transmission (as an array of 4 antennas) and reception (as 12 single and independent antennas), were assessed with calibration flights above the sea surface. The patterns are assumed as invariant along each session, if the antenna configuration remains. Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation algorithms were evaluated with calibration flights. The transmitted radar pulses are not calibrated, as parameter drifts are not expected to affect the quality. In the receiver units, during each flight there is a drift in the recording, causing a delay and phase drift in the sampled data, which is corrected when combining the several SAR images to process a single Direction of Arrival (DoA) image. asNeeded completed