Methodology:

Glacier locations and geometric properties were sourced from the Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) v.6.0. Glacierised volcano locations and properties were sourced from Edwards et al. 2020 (Global mapping of future glaciovolcanism. Global and Planetary Change, 195, 103356) and supplemented with additional variables from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program Holocene Volcano List. The mean annual air temperature and total annual precipitation for glaciers in the database were extracted by the research team from ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis data for the periods 1991-2020 and 2017-2018 using the glacier centroids in the RGI. Measurements of median glacier velocity and thickness for the period 2017-2018 were calculated by the research team from the glacier velocity and thickness raster maps presented in Millan et al. 2022 (Ice velocity and thickness of the world's glaciers. Nature Geoscience. 15, 124-129) and Joughin 2022 (MEaSUREs Greenland Annual Ice Sheet Velocity Mosaics from SAR and Landsat: Version 4). Specifically, a single measurement of velocity and thickness for each glacier was calculated in QGIS v.3.22.8 by overlaying the respective velocity and thickness raster maps with the RGI glacier polygons, then applying zonal statistics to determine the median value within each polygon.

Data collection:

Median glacier velocity and thickness measurements were calculated in QGIS v.3.22.8. ERA 5 climate data were processed in R v.4.2.1.

Data quality:

Note that these data are compiled from multiple sources and therefore have variable levels of quality and accuracy. Whilst the dataset is suited for providing global-scale overviews of glacier properties, we recommend that the data for individual glaciers is used with caution and, where possible, supported with additional glacier- or region-specific sources. For detailed data accuracy and quality information please refer to respective sources outlined in the Lineage/methodology section:

Glacier shapefiles and geometry: RGI v.6.0

Glacierised volcano locations and properties: Edwards et al. 2020

Additional glacierised volcano properties: Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program Holocene Volcano List

Mean annual air temperature and total annual precipitation for RGI v.6.0 glaciers: ECMWF ERA5

Global glacier velocities and thicknesses: Millan et al. 2022

Greenland peripheral glacier and ice cap velocities: MEaSUREs NSIDC-0725

Data in columns glacier.vel.count - glacier.term.type have been collated and/or processed by the authorship team, with missing data expressed as NA. Data in columns rgi.id - glacier.name are copied from the RGI v.6.0 in their original form and may contain spurious values.