4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355 English ISO/IEC 8859-1 (also known as Latin 1) dataset dataset NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg Lancaster LA1 4AP UK info@eidc.ac.uk https://eidc.ac.uk/ EIDC website The Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC) is the UK's national data centre for terrestrial and freshwater sciences. information pointOfContact 2025-11-13T16:16:11 UK GEMINI 2.3 OSGB 1936 / British National Grid Characterisation, minimum inhibitory concentration, thermotolerance and virulence of Candida isolated from environmental plastic pollution, Scotland, 2023 2024-06-26 publication https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355 10.5285/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355 doi: Metcalf, R., Akinbobola, A., Quilliam, R. (2024). Characterisation, minimum inhibitory concentration, thermotolerance and virulence of Candida isolated from environmental plastic pollution, Scotland, 2023. NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre 10.5285/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355 This dataset contains characterisation data, thermotolerance data, anti-fungal drug resistance data and virulence data of Candida isolates from different types of plastic pollution. Samples were collected from marine, estuarine and freshwater environments, and screened for pathogenic species of Candida. These Candida isolates were subsequently assessed for their thermotolerance, anti-fungal drug resistance, and their pathogenicity in a Galleria model of infection. Data were collected as part of grants NE/V005847/1, Sustainable Plastic Attitudes to benefit Communities and their Environments (SPACES), and NE/S005196/1, Microbial hitch-hikers of marine plastics: the survival, persistence & ecology of microbial communities in the 'Plastisphere'. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355 Metcalf, R. University of Stirling rebecca.metcalf@stir.ac.uk pointOfContact Metcalf, R. University of Stirling rebecca.metcalf@stir.ac.uk https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1463-427X ORCID record ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-driven effort to create and maintain a registry of unique researcher identifiers and a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to these identifiers. information author Akinbobola, A. University of Stirling Ayorinde.akinbobola@stir.ac.uk https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6617-2791 ORCID record ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-driven effort to create and maintain a registry of unique researcher identifiers and a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to these identifiers. information author Quilliam, R. University of Stirling Richard.quilliam@stir.ac.uk https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7020-4410 ORCID record ORCID is an open, non-profit, community-driven effort to create and maintain a registry of unique researcher identifiers and a transparent method of linking research activities and outputs to these identifiers. information author NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre info@eidc.ac.uk custodian NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre info@eidc.ac.uk publisher University of Stirling EMAIL NOT PROVIDED owner Human Health and Safety theme GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2008-06-01 publication Pollution Central Scotland antifungal resistance environmental pollution fungal pathogens plastisphere pathogenic yeast virulence otherRestrictions no limitations otherRestrictions This resource is available under the terms of the Open Government Licence otherRestrictions If you reuse this data, you should cite: Metcalf, R., Akinbobola, A., Quilliam, R. (2024). Characterisation, minimum inhibitory concentration, thermotolerance and virulence of Candida isolated from environmental plastic pollution, Scotland, 2023. NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355 textTable 100 English utf8 environment health 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 -6.196 -0.681 55.398 56.753 Comma-separated values (CSV) NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre info@eidc.ac.uk distributor https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/data/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355 Download the data Download a copy of this data download https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/4477f77c-c1c9-44e4-baeb-3353954c8355.zip Supporting information Supporting information available to assist in re-use of this dataset information dataset dataset Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 At each site, plastic was collected using sterile forceps and placed into sterile ziplock bags. Candida species were recovered from replicate composite samples of each plastic type from each site using selective media. Twenty-seven colonies were isolated, and glycerol stocks prepared and frozen at -20°C. Colony PCR was carried out with primers targeting the ITS region to identify the five common pathogenic species of Candida, i.e., C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis. Different amplicon sizes were used to differentiate between distinct Candida species and three reference clinical pathogenic strains of C. albicans (strain SC 5314), C. glabrata (strain ATCC 2001) and C. tropicalis (strain CAY676), were included as positive controls. To further confirm the identity of each isolate, the ITS1 region was amplified and sequenced. All purified PCR products underwent Sanger sequencing and species identification was confirmed using NCBI’s Basic Local Alignment Search Tool. Each Candida isolate were subjected to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis to determine antifungal resistance following the European Committee on Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (EUCAST) antifungal MIC method for yeasts. Resistance to four antifungals at ten concentrations was examined: amphotericin B (0.008 – 4 mg/L), caspofungin (0.008 – 4 mg/L), fluconazole (0.125 – 64 mg/L), voriconazole (0.008 – 4 mg/L). To determine the thermotolerance profile, each isolate underwent an initial incubation at 18°C (simulating an environmental temperature) or 38°C (simulating human body temperature) for 24 h, before being moved to one of three different temperatures (18, 28 or 38°C) where their growth was measured. Absorbance at 570 nm was measured before and after incubation in a spectrophotometer to determine the growth of the isolates. Galleria melonella was used as an infection model to investigate the pathogenicity of the Candida isolates. Groups of 10 larvae were injected with 10 µL of Candida cells (105 CFU/larvae) into the hemocoel via the last right pro-limb. All experiments were conducted in biological triplicate. An inoculation of 10 µL PBS was used as a control to account for mortality caused by physical injury or infection by contamination. Following injection, larvae were incubated at 37°C, and survival evaluated every 24 h for a total of 120 h. Larvae were considered dead when they did not respond to a touch stimulus.