4064b9bb-e765-38d9-e054-002128a47908 English dataset British Geological Survey +44 115 936 3100 Environmental Science Centre,Keyworth NOTTINGHAM NOTTINGHAMSHIRE NG12 5GG United Kingdom enquiries@bgs.ac.uk pointOfContact 2026-05-06 UK GEMINI 2.3 http://data.bgs.ac.uk/id/dataHolding/13607029 Evaluation of tropical forests sensitivity to past climate changes (FORSENS) (NERC grant NE/J018562/1) 2016-06 publication http://data.bgs.ac.uk/id/dataHolding/13607029 The dataset is the output of a NERC fellowship aimed to understand the long-term dynamics of tropical vegetation through palaeoecological analysis. For doing this, two sedimentary archives (Laguna Pindo and Laguna Baños) from Ecuador were radiocarbon dated and analysed for pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs, charcoal, chironomids, stable isotopes and XRF of tephra deposits. Each proxy was analysed at different resolution. Laguna Pindo is a mid-elevation lake (1250 m asl) that spans the last 50,000 years. Laguna Baños is an Andean lake located at 3800 m asl and contains sediments representative of the last 6500 years. Both water bodies are very shallow. The data is presented mainly in excel spreadsheets as raw data (except for radiocarbon dating data, which are the PDF files provided by NRCF), without any math treatment or conversion. Publication associated with NERC grant, Frazer Matthews-Bird, Stephen J. Brooks, Philip B. Holden, Encarni Montoya, and William D. Gosling (2016), Inferring late-Holocene climate in the Ecuadorian Andes using a chironomid-based temperature inference model. Clim. Past, 12, 1263-1280, 2016. doi:10.5194/cp-12-1263-2016 Dr E Montoya Romo Open University School of Environment, Earth & Ecosystem Sciences not available originator Dr E Montoya Romo Open University School of Environment, Earth & Ecosystem Sciences not available principalInvestigator Enquiries British Geological Survey United Kingdom not available distributor Enquiries British Geological Survey United Kingdom not available pointOfContact notApplicable https://resources.bgs.ac.uk/images/geonetworkThumbs/4064b9bb-e765-38d9-e054-002128a47908.png Geology GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2008-06-01 publication Holocene Palaeoecology Quaternary Climatology BGS Thesaurus of Geosciences 2022 revision NGDC Deposited Data dataCentre NERC_DDC otherRestrictions licenceOGL Available under the Open Government Licence subject to the following acknowledgement accompanying the reproduced NERC materials "Contains NERC materials ©NERC [year]" otherRestrictions The copyright of materials derived from the British Geological Survey's work is vested in the Natural Environment Research Council [NERC]. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, or stored in a retrieval system of any nature, without the prior permission of the copyright holder, via the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Manager. Use by customers of information provided by the BGS, is at the customer's own risk. In view of the disparate sources of information at BGS's disposal, including such material donated to BGS, that BGS accepts in good faith as being accurate, the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the quality or accuracy of the information supplied, or to the information's suitability for any use. NERC/BGS accepts no liability whatever in respect of loss, damage, injury or other occurence however caused. Available under the Open Government Licence subject to the following acknowledgement accompanying the reproduced NERC materials "Contains NERC materials ©NERC [year]" English geoscientificInformation British Geological Survey Gazetteer: Geographical hierarchy from Geosaurus 1979 creation ANDES [id=842000] ISO 3166_1 alpha-2 2009 revision BO ISO 3166_1 alpha-3 2009 revision BOL British Geological Survey Gazetteer: Geographical hierarchy from Geosaurus 1979 creation BOLIVIA [id=867000] ISO 3166_1 alpha-2 2009 revision EC ISO 3166_1 alpha-3 2009 revision ECU British Geological Survey Gazetteer: Geographical hierarchy from Geosaurus 1979 creation ECUADOR [id=863000] ISO 3166_1 alpha-2 2009 revision PE ISO 3166_1 alpha-3 2009 revision PER British Geological Survey Gazetteer: Geographical hierarchy from Geosaurus 1979 creation PERU [id=864000] -78.0000 -64.0000 -17.0000 0.0000 2015-10 NERC grant NE/J018562/1. This grant is linked to NERC studentship grant NE/J500288/1, see metadata entry 13606924. Enquiries British Geological Survey United Kingdom not available distributor https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/services/ngdc/accessions/index.html#item73130 WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download Data download https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/services/ngdc/accessions/index.html#item164605 WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download Data download https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1263-2016 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related Published Paper download dataset dataset INSPIRE Implementing rules laying down technical arrangements for the interoperability and harmonisation of Geology 2011 publication See the referenced specification false Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 publication See http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:323:0011:0102:EN:PDF false Collection of the sedimentary archives (field work to Ecuador). The recovery of the sediments was performed from a wooded platform on the lakes supported in inflatable boats using a Livingstone corer. - Storage in a cold room based at the Open University (UK) until splitting the cores. - Subsampling the cores using a syringe of 1cc volume. LAB TREATMENT FOR PALYNOLOGICAL ANALYSES (proxies analysed: pollen ,non-pollen palynomorphs, and microcharcoal) - Acid digestion using hot: KOH at 10%, Na4P2O7 at 2.66%, HCl at 10%, HF at 40%, and acetolisis mixture (mix of (CH3CO)2O at 97% and H2SO4 at 95-98% in a proportion of 9:1). Palynological residues obtained from the treatment were mounted in glycerine. LAB TREATMENT FOR CHIRONOMIDS ANALYSIS - Disaggregation of the sediment using hot KOH at 10% - Dehydration of the chironomids head capsules by sequential imbibition using: ethanol (80%), ethanol (100%), and euparal essence. Final mounting in slides using euparal. LAB TREATMENT FOR STABLE ISOTOPES ANALYSIS - Drying of samples at 40ºC - Crushing of the dried sediments to a fine powder - Decalcification: add 0.1M and 1.0M of HCl; dry samples overnight at 40ºC, and transfer the samples to Sn capsules for the analysis LAB TREATMENT FOR XRF ANALYSIS - Drying of samples overnight at 110 °C - Crushing of the dried sediments to a fine powder - Loss-on-ignition was performed on 1.2 g of the powdered sub-sample; the sub-sample was ignited for one hour in a furnace set at 1000 °C - Glass discs were then created using 0.7000 g of the remaining powdered sub-sample and 3.6300 g of lithium metaborate flux - The powder/flux mix was then placed into a muffle furnace at 1100 °C for 20 minutes in order to melt the mixture - When homogenised, the melt was poured into a heated brass mould and a plunger was pressed down steadily, forming the glass disc - The samples (in glass discs) were analysed on an ARL 8420+ dual goniometer wavelength dispersive XRF spectrometer.