This dataset comprises seven ensembles of hydrological model estimates of monthly mean and annual maximum river flows (m3s-1) on a 0.1 × 0.1 deg grid (approximate grid of 10 km × 10 km) across West Africa for historical (1950 to 2014) and projected future (2015 to 2100) periods. This dataset is the output from the Hydrological Modelling Framework for West Africa, or “HMF-WA” model. The ensembles correspond to CMIP6 (Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 6) historical and three projected future climate scenarios (SSP126, SSP245 and SSP585) with two future scenarios of water use. The scenarios of water use are (i) future water use that varies in line with projected population increases, and (ii) future water use is the same as present day. This dataset is an output from the regional scale hydrological modelling study from African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis-2050 (AMMA-2050) project. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/346124fd-a0c6-490f-b5af-eaccbb26ab6b