[This dataset is embargoed until June 1, 2027]. The dataset contains single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping data for 323 diverse wheat accessions from Pakistan, Mexico, and Australia. DNA was extracted from 21-day-old seedlings grown in a glasshouse at Rothamsted Research, UK, and genotyped using the commercially available TaNG v1.1 Affymetrix Axiom array at the Bristol Genomics Facility, University of Bristol. The genotypic data are provided in HapMap double-bit format. This work aimed to improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in wheat as part of efforts toward sustainable yield enhancement and global food security. Genetic dissection of key agronomic traits presents a viable strategy for developing high-yielding, nitrogen-efficient wheat cultivars. The data support a genome-wide association study (GWAS) that related NUE traits to potential genetic markers. The research was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/S009019/1). Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/291ca8d7-6178-4e6f-98a5-f59225d884cd